国家电网公司主辅业分离问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-06 22:00

本文选题：国家电网 + 主辅分离　；参考：《首都经济贸易大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：自国务院提出了电力体制改革四大使命以来,我国电力体制改革正在逐年稳步推进。13年来取得了很多可喜的成果,同时也暴露出诸多问题,例如主辅分离不彻底,输配没有分开,电价机制不完善等,其中制约改革继续的一个重要因素就是电网的主辅分离没有得到彻底解决。主辅分离是输配分开的前提,输配分开是合理电价机制形成的保障。虽然国家电网已将火、水电施工,电力勘探设计和电力修造企业从主业中剥离,但剥离的基本是一些经济效益不高,行业集中度较低,而且大多是与主业联系不紧密的辅业资产。对于与电网公司联系紧密的辅业以及各种三产,国家电网目前并没有剥离计划。而且国家电网公司收购平高、许继两大电气设备制造的龙头企业,是主辅分离改革的逆行之举。所以继续推行国家电网主辅分离改革是目前电力改革的重中之重,不容小视。本论文通过对现实问题的剖析,从改革过程、取得的成果和存在的问题三个方面对我国电力体制改革的进程进行回顾,认为目前我国电改存在主辅分离不彻底、输配未分开,电网掌握电的独家买卖权,电价无法反应供求等问题,并结合国外的电力体制改革进行对比分析。论文中对国家电网的主业和辅业进行了详细的划分,将辅业划分为三类,包括非商业化资产、电力辅助性企业和多种经营企业。总结了目前国家电网公司主辅分离的成果,认为还存在主辅分离改革不彻底、重组集团会带来新垄断、缺乏监管机制等遗留问题。本文的创新之处是在国家电网处置被剥离辅业资产的过程中引入竞拍机制,采用理论联系实际的研究方法,建立博弈模型,结合成本、利润函数进行定性和定量相结合的研究。详细模拟了国内企业参与竞拍被剥离辅业资产的过程,认为竞拍结果的不同取决于市场规模的大小以及辅业剥离的数量。并分析国家电网主辅分离的有效性以及福利效应,认为国家电网公司进行主辅分离可以增加消费者福利,进而增加社会总福利。最后,在结合国家电网公司进行主辅分离过程中可能遇到的障碍,有针对性的提出几点建议。本论文从理论上弥补了关于电网企业主辅分离研究的不足,也从实践上加深了对市场化改革背景下电网企业主辅业分离的认识和理解。希望能为国家电网公司下一步主辅业分离改革方案提供一定理论依据。
[Abstract]:Since the State Council put forward the four missions of electric power system reform, China's electric power system reform has been advancing steadily year by year. In the past 13 years, many gratifying achievements have been made, and at the same time many problems have been exposed, such as the incomplete separation of main and auxiliary products. The transmission and distribution are not separated and the electricity price mechanism is not perfect. One of the important factors restricting the reform is that the separation of main and auxiliary power grid has not been completely solved. The separation of main and auxiliary is the premise of separation of transmission and distribution, and the separation of transmission and distribution is the guarantee of the formation of reasonable electricity price mechanism. Although the State Grid has stripped fire, hydropower construction, power exploration and design, and electric power repair enterprises from its main business, some of the divestitures are basically low economic benefits and low industry concentration. And most of the main industry is not closely linked with the subsidiary industry assets. State Grid has no plans to spin off the auxiliary and various third-line industries that are closely linked to grid companies. And the State Grid Company's acquisition of Pinggao, the leading enterprise in the manufacturing of two major electrical equipment, is the retrograde move of the separation of main and auxiliary reform. Therefore, to continue to carry out the main and auxiliary state grid reform is the most important part of the current power reform, should not be underestimated. Based on the analysis of practical problems, this paper reviews the reform process of China's electric power system from three aspects: the reform process, the results achieved and the existing problems. It is concluded that the main and auxiliary power reform in China is not completely separated, and the transmission and distribution is not separated. The power grid has the exclusive right to buy and sell electricity, and the electricity price can not reflect the supply and demand. In this paper, the main and auxiliary industries of the State Grid are divided into three categories, including non-commercial assets, power auxiliary enterprises and diversified enterprises. This paper summarizes the achievements of the separation of the main and auxiliary parts of the State Grid Company at present, and points out that there are still some remaining problems such as the incomplete reform of the separation of the main and auxiliary, the new monopoly brought by the reorganization of the group and the lack of supervision mechanism. The innovation of this paper is the introduction of bidding mechanism in the process of disposal of the auxiliary industry assets by the State Grid, the establishment of a game model by using the research method of combining theory with practice, and the qualitative and quantitative research on the basis of cost and profit function. The paper simulates the process of the domestic enterprises participating in the bidding of the subsidiary industry assets in detail. It is considered that the different bidding results depend on the size of the market and the number of the subsidiary industries. By analyzing the effectiveness and welfare effect of the separation of main and auxiliary parts in State Grid, it is concluded that the separation of main and secondary parts of State Grid Company can increase consumer welfare and then increase the total social welfare. Finally, in combination with the state grid company in the main-auxiliary separation process may meet obstacles, targeted to put forward a few suggestions. This paper makes up for the deficiency of the research on the separation of main and auxiliary enterprises in theory, and also deepens the understanding of the separation of main and auxiliary enterprises in the background of market-oriented reform in practice. It is hoped that it can provide some theoretical basis for the next reform plan of the separation of main and auxiliary industries of the State Grid Company.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F426.61

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