大鹏公司备件库存管理优化研究

发布时间：2018-07-24 08:15

【摘要】：自大鹏公司作为中国液化天然气首个试点项目投产运营以来,液化天然气进口项目如雨后春笋般,来势迅猛。近年,随着各个项目陆续投产,公司目前面临着日益加剧的市场竞争；与此同时,伴随着国际油价的高位运行,公司也面临着来自上游供应短缺的风险,利润指标压力加大。而在下游,公司约有63%的进口液化天然气供应电厂用户,37%供应珠江三角洲的主要城市燃气用户,安全生产和运营是第一要务。一旦由于设备故障导致停产,将给下游供气带来很大的影响；因故障备件不能及时供应导致维修时间延长、生产不能及时恢复的影响更大。高昂的缺货成本导致不得不储备更为充足数量的备件,以此维持较高的服务水平,应对不时之需。如何在保证一定的服务水平下,优化备件库存结构,降低库存资金占用以控制成本就成为大鹏公司一项新的课题。本文首先对大鹏公司备件库存现状进行分析,描述了库存结构、库存资金占用情况等,以此发掘和细分研究对象,为后续备件库存优化模型构建提供数据支撑。随后,阐述了大鹏公司在备件库存管理中存在的问题和难点,以及推进备件库存管理优化的有利因素和环境。在上述研究基础上,确定了备件库存优化模型的目标,即保证在一定的服务水平下、备件库存结构得以优化并且库存资金能处于相对合理的水平,达到既不影响生产的平稳运行又能最大限度地降低成本的目的。本文重点对随机型需求备件进行了研究并搭建了基于两阶段分类的管理模型,对各类备件确立了库存检查周期、库存控制策略,并对模型中的重要参数如安全库存数量、重采购点、最高库存量、订购点等的确定方式进行了详尽阐述。为避免模型在实际应用中的僵化而导致偏离目标的情形,文中还对模型的动态化调整如数据的处理和分析、备件分类动态维护、需求预测的调整等等加以阐述。综合对确定型需求备件的管理,最后形成了面向整个公司的基于三阶段分类的动态化备件库存控制长效机制。文章最后还选取了“一级活塞导向环”(库存编码202040420)作为本文研究成果的算例分析,并提出了管理启示,任何一个模型在实践中都不能僵化,需要适时进行调整以确保其适用性。本文中所构建模型及调整机制,可以在保证库存结构有效性的同时,大幅降低库存资金占用。
[Abstract]:Since Dapeng Company was put into operation as the first pilot project of liquefied natural gas in China, the import projects of liquefied natural gas have sprung up rapidly. In recent years, the company is facing the increasingly fierce market competition with the production of various projects. At the same time, with the high international oil price, the company is also faced with the risk of supply shortage from upstream, and the pressure of profit index is increased. Downstream, about 63 percent of the company's imported LNG supplies power plants, or 37 percent of its major urban gas users in the Pearl River Delta, with safe production and operation as the top priority. Once the equipment failure leads to the shutdown, it will have a great impact on the downstream gas supply; because the fault spare parts can not be supplied in time, the maintenance time will be prolonged, and the production can not be restored in time. High shortage costs necessitate more spare parts in order to maintain a high level of service to meet unexpected needs. How to optimize the inventory structure of spare parts and reduce the cost of stock in order to control the cost has become a new topic in Dapeng Company. This paper firstly analyzes the status quo of spare parts inventory in Dapeng Company, describes the inventory structure, stock capital occupation and so on, in order to explore and subdivide the research object, and provide the data support for the follow-up spare parts inventory optimization model construction. Then the problems and difficulties in spare parts inventory management of Dapeng Company and the favorable factors and environment to promote the optimization of spare parts inventory management are expounded. On the basis of the above research, the objective of the spare parts inventory optimization model is determined, that is, to ensure that the spare parts inventory structure can be optimized and the inventory funds can be at a relatively reasonable level under a certain service level. To achieve the goal of not affecting the smooth operation of production and to minimize the cost. In this paper, the stochastic demand for spare parts is studied and the management model based on two-stage classification is built. The inventory inspection cycle and inventory control strategy are established for all kinds of spare parts. The important parameters of the model such as the quantity of safe inventory are also discussed. Re-purchase points, maximum inventory, ordering points, etc., are described in detail. In order to avoid the fossilization of the model in practical application, the dynamic adjustment of the model such as data processing and analysis, the dynamic maintenance of spare parts classification, the adjustment of demand forecast, etc. Finally, a long-term mechanism of dynamic spare parts inventory control based on three-stage classification is formed for the whole company. At the end of the paper, we select "one Piston steering Ring" (inventory code 202040420) as an example to analyze the results of this paper, and put forward the management inspiration. No model can be rigid in practice. Adjustments need to be made in time to ensure their applicability. The model and adjustment mechanism in this paper can ensure the validity of inventory structure and greatly reduce the capital occupation of inventory at the same time.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F274;F426.22

【参考文献】