S企业空调装配线物料配送优化研究
发布时间：2018-08-15 11:25
【摘要】：随着国民经济的快速发展,我国中小型装配企业为了在日益激烈的市场竞争中占据一席之地,将原先大批量生产方式转换成多品种小批量的柔性生产方式,这种生产方式具有产品种类多、产品之间特征差别小、生产存在很大变数等特点,这无疑会给装配线物料配送带来很大困难,企业必须在正确的时间将正确数量的物料送到正确的工位上才能保证装配线顺利生产。因此,研究装配型企业物料配送对我国中小型装配型企业的新型生产方式具有非常重要的意义。论文以物料配送为主线,结合S企业空调装配线配送中存在的问题,找到解决该企业物料配送问题的方法。为了达到上述目的,本文从以下四个方面进行研究。首先阐述本文选题的背景及研究意义,并对国内外有关装配线物料配送的文献进行综述,综述的内容主要包括装配线物料配送的理论研究及装配线物料配送的模型构建及算法研究两个方面。其次以S企业空调装配线物料配送为研究对象,分析在现有的配送模式下,该企业物料配送存在的问题,并提出解决问题的思路:通过对S企业的实地调研,发现企业内部物料配送问题主要存在于两个方面,一个是原材料的准时配送,另一个是由原材料组装而来的半成品的准时配送。在车间内部没有物料存储区以及原先的仓储管理混乱导致原材料配送准时性得不到保证,而半成品配送路径的不合理是造成半成品配送准时性得不到保证的主要原因。再次,结合S企业实际生产情况,对原有的设施布局进行优化,在车间内部规划出物料存储区,并使用ABC分类法对物料的存储进行优化,提高原材料的拣选效率,缩短原材料配送响应时间,从而保证原材料配送的准时性,在解决了原材料配送的问题之后,对半成品配送路径进行优化,指出半成品配送属于车辆路径问题,以及确定物料需求工位的时间窗类型,建立企业内部半成品配送VRPTW数学模型,通过对各种求解车辆路径问题方法的比较,确定采取遗传算法进行求解,并对遗传算法算子进行设计,采用Microsoft Visual Studio软件编程遗传算法来求解企业内部半成品配送的VRPTW模型,继而完成半成品配送问题的优化,半成品配送路径优化后单次配送成本降低349.1元,配送路径优化后的总配送成本比配送路径优化前节约18.3%。最后用Witness仿真软件对S企业生产系统进行仿真,通过与配送优化前对比,发现完成原材料和半成品配送问题优化后,对S企业生产有积极性的影响,产品产量得到提高,空调外机日产量提高6台,内机日产量提高8台,从而进一步验证了本文研究的实际意义。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the national economy, in order to occupy a place in the increasingly fierce market competition, the small and medium-sized assembly enterprises of our country have converted the original mass production mode into the flexible production mode of multi-variety and small batch production. This mode of production is characterized by a wide variety of products, small differences in product characteristics, and great variables in production. This will undoubtedly bring great difficulties to the distribution of materials on the assembly line. Enterprises must deliver the correct quantity of materials to the correct work station at the right time to ensure the assembly line production smoothly. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the material distribution of assembly enterprises for the new mode of production of small and medium-sized assembly enterprises in our country. Based on the main line of material distribution and the problems existing in the distribution of air conditioning assembly line in S enterprise, the method to solve the problem of material distribution in this enterprise is found in this paper. In order to achieve the above purpose, this paper carries on the research from the following four aspects. First of all, the background and significance of this topic are expounded, and the literature on material distribution of assembly line is summarized. The content includes the theoretical research of assembly line material distribution and the model construction and algorithm research of assembly line material distribution. Secondly, taking the material distribution of air conditioning assembly line in S enterprise as the research object, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the material distribution of the enterprise under the existing distribution mode, and puts forward some ideas to solve the problem: through the field investigation of S enterprise, It is found that the internal material distribution problem mainly exists in two aspects, one is the on-time distribution of raw materials, the other is the just-in-time distribution of semi-finished products assembled from raw materials. In the workshop there is no material storage area and the original storage management confusion leads to the raw material distribution punctuality can not be guaranteed and the unreasonable delivery path of semi-finished goods is the main reason for the semi-finished goods delivery punctuality can not be guaranteed. Thirdly, according to the actual production situation of S enterprise, the layout of the original facilities is optimized, the material storage area is planned out in the workshop, and the material storage is optimized by using ABC classification to improve the picking efficiency of raw materials. In order to shorten the response time of raw material distribution and ensure the timeliness of raw material distribution, after solving the problem of raw material distribution, the semi-finished product distribution route is optimized, and it is pointed out that semi-finished product distribution belongs to vehicle routing problem. The time window type of material demand station is determined, the VRPTW mathematical model of internal semi-finished product distribution is established, and the genetic algorithm is adopted to solve the vehicle routing problem through the comparison of various methods to solve the vehicle routing problem. The genetic algorithm operator is designed and the genetic algorithm is programmed by Microsoft Visual Studio software to solve the VRPTW model of the semi-finished product distribution in the enterprise, and then the optimization of the semi-finished product distribution problem is completed. After the optimization of semi-finished product distribution route, the cost of single distribution is reduced by 349.1 yuan, and the total distribution cost after optimization of distribution path is 18.3% less than that before the optimization of distribution path. Finally, the production system of S enterprise is simulated with Witness software. By comparing with distribution optimization, it is found that the optimization of raw materials and semi-finished products has a positive effect on S enterprise production, and the product output is improved. The daily output of external air conditioning machine and inner machine are increased by 6 and 8 respectively, which further verifies the practical significance of this study.
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F426.6;F252
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the national economy, in order to occupy a place in the increasingly fierce market competition, the small and medium-sized assembly enterprises of our country have converted the original mass production mode into the flexible production mode of multi-variety and small batch production. This mode of production is characterized by a wide variety of products, small differences in product characteristics, and great variables in production. This will undoubtedly bring great difficulties to the distribution of materials on the assembly line. Enterprises must deliver the correct quantity of materials to the correct work station at the right time to ensure the assembly line production smoothly. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the material distribution of assembly enterprises for the new mode of production of small and medium-sized assembly enterprises in our country. Based on the main line of material distribution and the problems existing in the distribution of air conditioning assembly line in S enterprise, the method to solve the problem of material distribution in this enterprise is found in this paper. In order to achieve the above purpose, this paper carries on the research from the following four aspects. First of all, the background and significance of this topic are expounded, and the literature on material distribution of assembly line is summarized. The content includes the theoretical research of assembly line material distribution and the model construction and algorithm research of assembly line material distribution. Secondly, taking the material distribution of air conditioning assembly line in S enterprise as the research object, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the material distribution of the enterprise under the existing distribution mode, and puts forward some ideas to solve the problem: through the field investigation of S enterprise, It is found that the internal material distribution problem mainly exists in two aspects, one is the on-time distribution of raw materials, the other is the just-in-time distribution of semi-finished products assembled from raw materials. In the workshop there is no material storage area and the original storage management confusion leads to the raw material distribution punctuality can not be guaranteed and the unreasonable delivery path of semi-finished goods is the main reason for the semi-finished goods delivery punctuality can not be guaranteed. Thirdly, according to the actual production situation of S enterprise, the layout of the original facilities is optimized, the material storage area is planned out in the workshop, and the material storage is optimized by using ABC classification to improve the picking efficiency of raw materials. In order to shorten the response time of raw material distribution and ensure the timeliness of raw material distribution, after solving the problem of raw material distribution, the semi-finished product distribution route is optimized, and it is pointed out that semi-finished product distribution belongs to vehicle routing problem. The time window type of material demand station is determined, the VRPTW mathematical model of internal semi-finished product distribution is established, and the genetic algorithm is adopted to solve the vehicle routing problem through the comparison of various methods to solve the vehicle routing problem. The genetic algorithm operator is designed and the genetic algorithm is programmed by Microsoft Visual Studio software to solve the VRPTW model of the semi-finished product distribution in the enterprise, and then the optimization of the semi-finished product distribution problem is completed. After the optimization of semi-finished product distribution route, the cost of single distribution is reduced by 349.1 yuan, and the total distribution cost after optimization of distribution path is 18.3% less than that before the optimization of distribution path. Finally, the production system of S enterprise is simulated with Witness software. By comparing with distribution optimization, it is found that the optimization of raw materials and semi-finished products has a positive effect on S enterprise production, and the product output is improved. The daily output of external air conditioning machine and inner machine are increased by 6 and 8 respectively, which further verifies the practical significance of this study.
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F426.6;F252
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