中国工业行业低碳创新效率研究

发布时间：2018-09-03 13:07

【摘要】：发展低碳经济是中国在日益严峻的能源紧缺和气候异常变化下的必然选择。要实现低碳发展和经济增长的双重目标,“生产公共性”和“低碳公共性”的低碳创新是唯一出路。低碳创新是低碳经济发展的源泉和动力,也是碳约束性下实现中国经济持续增长的必然选择。如何引导技术创新的低碳化倾向,如何更好的发挥技术创新对低碳经济的支撑作用,就成为中国发展低碳经济迫切需要解决的课题。工业是我国经济和社会发展的主体产业,同时也是我国能源的高消耗行业、二氧化碳的主要排放者,中国工业的低碳创新是实现经济发展与碳减排“双赢”的关键支撑。论文在低碳经济现实背景下,基于传统创新生产函数,构建兼顾经济效益和低碳效益的低碳创新效率,对我国1998-2011年37个工业细分行业的低碳创新效率进行测算,分析其静态变化和动态变化；同时,基于行业异质性,将37个工业行业划分为重度污染行业、中度污染行业、轻度污染行业,分析了三大污染型行业的低碳创新效率；论文还考察了国有产权、政府支持、能耗特征、市场竞争、企业规模等因素对低碳创新效率的影响。结果表明：低碳创新效率与传统创新效率的测度结果显著不同,且低碳创新效率呈现：高新技术行业高于一般制造行业,一般制造行业高于原材料行业,原材料行业高于资源型行业的格局；2004-2008年的重工业化进程使传统创新效率提升快于低碳创新效率；近几年中国工业创新活动逐步关注低碳效益；无论是传统创新效率或是低碳创新效率,重度污染型行业的提升速度均在中度污染型行业和轻度污染型行业之上,而轻度污染型行业的提升速度最低：政府支持、市场竞争、企业规模等对低碳创新效率的提升起到积极作用；能耗特征、外商直接投资、国有产权对低碳创新效率的提升起到负面作用。基于研究结论,论文提出了相应政策建议。
[Abstract]:Developing low-carbon economy is an inevitable choice for China under the increasingly severe energy shortage and abnormal climate change. In order to achieve the dual goals of low-carbon development and economic growth, the "production publicity" and "low carbon publicity" low-carbon innovation is the only way out. Low-carbon innovation is not only the source and motive force of low-carbon economy development, but also the inevitable choice to realize the sustained growth of Chinese economy under carbon constraint. How to guide the low-carbon tendency of technological innovation and how to better play the supporting role of technological innovation to low-carbon economy has become an urgent problem to be solved in developing low-carbon economy in China. Industry is not only the main industry of economic and social development in China, but also the high energy consuming industry in China, and the main emitter of carbon dioxide. The low carbon innovation of Chinese industry is the key support to realize "win-win" between economic development and carbon abatement. Under the background of low carbon economy, based on the traditional innovation production function, the paper constructs the low carbon innovation efficiency which takes into account the economic and low carbon benefits, and calculates the low carbon innovation efficiency of 37 industrial subdivision industries in China from 1998 to 2011. At the same time, according to the industry heterogeneity, 37 industrial industries are divided into heavy pollution industry, moderate pollution industry and mild pollution industry, and the low carbon innovation efficiency of the three major pollution-type industries is analyzed. The paper also examines the effects of state-owned property rights, government support, energy consumption characteristics, market competition and enterprise size on the efficiency of low-carbon innovation. The results show that the low carbon innovation efficiency is significantly different from the traditional innovation efficiency, and the low carbon innovation efficiency is higher in the high-tech industry than in the general manufacturing industry, and the general manufacturing industry is higher than the raw material industry. The pattern of raw material industry is higher than that of resource-based industry. The process of heavy industry in 2004-2008 makes the efficiency of traditional innovation improve faster than that of low carbon innovation, and in recent years, China's industrial innovation activities gradually pay attention to low carbon efficiency. Whether it is traditional innovation efficiency or low carbon innovation efficiency, the promotion rate of heavy pollution industry is higher than that of medium pollution industry and light pollution industry, while that of light pollution industry is the lowest: government support, market competition. The scale of enterprises plays a positive role in improving the efficiency of low-carbon innovation, and the characteristics of energy consumption, foreign direct investment and state-owned property rights play a negative role in promoting the efficiency of low-carbon innovation. Based on the research conclusions, the paper puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F424;F273.1

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