马克思生态哲学思想探析及其现实价值

发布时间：2018-07-27 14:02

【摘要】：生态危机威胁着全球经济、社会的进步与发展,生态问题越演越烈,关于人与自然的谐相处的问题探讨越来越成为各个科学领域研究的重点问题。自古到今,人们对人与自然关系存在着各种各样的意见,马克思针对以往自然观的各种不足之处,批判继承其合理的成分,在马克思的经典文献中散落地论述了许多重要的生态哲学思想,直至今天依然对于应对生态危机具有重要的意义。本文在深究马克思经典文本的基础之上,系统梳理并分析了马克思的生态哲学思想的历史脉络和重要内容,并阐发了其对当今社会发展的重要的理论价值和现实意义。本文主要由三个部分组成,每部分的论述环环相扣,层层推进,以达到在当今社会焕发马克思生态哲学的重要价值。第一部分主要阐述“旧”哲学自然观的历史轨迹,以及马克思如何批判继承旧哲学生态自然观基础上完成对旧哲学生态哲学的革新,并在此基础上研读马克思的经典文本,梳理了马克思生态哲学思想的发展脉络。第二部分承接上一部分的马克思生态哲学发展脉络,立足于马克思经典文本,深入研究和系统阐发了马克思生态哲学思想的基本内容。在叙述过程中关注马克思生态哲学系统的主线来进行。马克思从实践唯物主义的角度出发,阐述人与自然的辩证关系,构造起其生态哲学的生态自然观;在论述人与自然的辩证关系中所采用的实践视角过程中不得不对社会生产力和生产关系的理论进行探讨,由此形成了马克思生态哲学的生态经济观;在得知了人与自然的辩证关系之后必须形成如何对待自然的情感态度价值观,形成了自身的生态哲学的生态伦理观;生态危机在马克思时代就初见端倪,通过探讨分析,马克思的出生态危机说环境问题的根源,形成了马克思生态哲学的生态危机观、生态社会观,通过这些观点的展现为人与自然和谐地发展指明了共产主义的方向。第三部分立足于我国生态文明建设的现状,以理论与实践相统一的思考方式的指引下,简述了我国生态文明建设的理论要求与现实境况,凸显出我国当下面临严重的生态问题,出现了环境问题与生态文明建设要求不符,甚至在具体案例中出现相悖的情况,环境问题的应对与解决刻不容缓。并从马克思生态哲学的发展过程中得到启示,深挖环境危机出现的原因,并且救治良方存在其生态哲学之中。面对第三部分的现实的生态问题与生态文明建设的具体要求,立足于第一、二部分阐述的马克思生态哲学的自然观思想的革命性与其基本内容全方位探究马克思生态哲学思想在当今社会发展前提下的理论价值与现实意义。
[Abstract]:Ecological crisis threatens the global economy, social progress and development. Ecological problems are becoming more and more serious. From ancient times to now, people have various opinions on the relationship between man and nature. Marx criticized and inherited its reasonable elements in view of the shortcomings of the previous view of nature. This paper discusses many important ecological philosophy ideas in Marx's classic literature, which is still of great significance in dealing with ecological crisis. On the basis of studying the classical texts of Marx, this paper systematically combs and analyzes the historical context and important contents of Marx's ecological philosophy, and expounds its important theoretical value and practical significance for the development of today's society. This paper is mainly composed of three parts, each part of the discussion is linked to each other, layer by layer, in order to achieve the contemporary society coruscated with the important value of Marx's ecological philosophy. The first part mainly expounds the historical track of the "old" philosophy of nature, and how Marx criticizes and inherits the ecological view of nature of the old philosophy to complete the innovation of the ecological philosophy of the old philosophy, and on this basis, studies the classical texts of Marx. Combing the development of Marx's ecological philosophy. The second part carries on the development of Marx's ecological philosophy, based on the classic text of Marx, and deeply studies and systematically elucidates the basic content of Marx's ecological philosophy thought. In the process of narration, attention is paid to the main line of Marx's ecological philosophy system. From the perspective of practical materialism, Marx expounded the dialectical relationship between man and nature, and constructed his ecological philosophy of ecological nature. In the process of discussing the dialectical relationship between man and nature, we have to discuss the theory of social productive forces and production relations in the process of practice angle of view, thus forming the ecological economic view of Marx's ecological philosophy. After knowing the dialectical relationship between man and nature, we must form the values of emotional attitude towards nature and the ecological ethics of our own ecological philosophy. Marx's theory of ecological crisis, the origin of environmental problems, formed Marx's ecological philosophy of ecological crisis, ecological society, through these points of view for the harmonious development of man and nature pointed out the direction of communism. The third part is based on the current situation of the construction of ecological civilization in China, under the guidance of the unified thinking mode of theory and practice, it briefly describes the theoretical requirements and practical conditions of the construction of ecological civilization in China, which highlights the serious ecological problems facing our country at present. Environmental problems do not meet the requirements of the construction of ecological civilization, and even in specific cases, the environmental problems should be dealt with and solved without delay. From the development process of Marx's ecological philosophy, the author deeply explores the causes of the environmental crisis, and the remedy exists in his ecological philosophy. In the face of the realistic ecological problems of the third part and the specific requirements of the construction of ecological civilization, we should base ourselves on the first place. The second part expounds the revolutionary thought of Marx's ecological philosophy and its basic content; the theoretical value and practical significance of Marx's ecological philosophy under the premise of social development.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B82-058

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