中国乡村消费伦理问题研究——基于J村的田野调研

发布时间：2018-08-01 14:49

【摘要】：消费本身既是一种经济活动,也是一种伦理关系,对这种关系的理论研究便涉及消费伦理范畴。中西方思想家根据自身所处的阶级立场和经济地位对消费及其伦理价值进行了阐释,为当前研究乡村消费伦理提供了宝贵的思想资源。虽然学界对消费伦理的概念莫衷一是,但大体上都承认道德对消费的规范与引导作用,强调道德对消费行为的影响。对消费伦理的研究有助于厘清消费与道德之间的关系,引导人们树立良好的消费观念,合理提升消费对经济增长的贡献率。然而,目前有关消费伦理的研究大多基于社会这一总体而言,伦理视角下的乡村消费问题却鲜有涉及。乡村作为中国社会的缩影,是解读巨变时代中国的关键。通过对江苏省北部J村的田野调查发现,伴随乡村经济发展水平的提升,乡村消费结构有所改善,但仍存在消费欲望不足的"不敢"消费、精神消费质量薄弱的"不能"消费以及生态消费欠缺的"不会"消费等困境。除经济原因外,这一状况的形成主要在于乡村社会制度、责任和教育伦理的"缺场",使得农村社会保障体系不够健全、乡村精神消费环境相对落后、村民科学文化水平有所偏低。改变这种状况,必须将社会力量和乡村资源相结合,努力让伦理"回归"乡村,从而完善乡村消费伦理,合理增加消费对经济增长的贡献率。
[Abstract]:Consumption itself is not only an economic activity, but also an ethical relationship. Chinese and Western thinkers interpret consumption and its ethical value according to their own class position and economic status, which provides valuable ideological resources for the current study of rural consumption ethics. Although scholars have different opinions on the concept of consumption ethics, they generally acknowledge the normative and guiding role of morality on consumption, and emphasize the influence of morality on consumption behavior. The study of consumption ethics is helpful to clarify the relationship between consumption and morality, to guide people to set up a good consumption concept, and to increase the contribution rate of consumption to economic growth. However, most of the current research on consumption ethics is based on the society as a whole, the rural consumption from the perspective of ethics is rarely involved. As a microcosm of Chinese society, countryside is the key to unscramble China in the era of great change. Through the field investigation of village J in northern Jiangsu Province, it is found that with the improvement of rural economic development level, rural consumption structure has improved, but there is still a lack of consumption desire "dare not" consumption. Mental consumption quality is weak "can" consumption and ecological consumption is lack of "will not" consumption and other dilemmas. In addition to economic reasons, the formation of this situation mainly lies in the rural social system, responsibility and education ethics "lack of field", so that the rural social security system is not perfect, rural spiritual consumption environment is relatively backward, The scientific and cultural level of villagers is on the low side. To change this situation, it is necessary to combine social forces with rural resources, and make great efforts to make ethics "return" to the countryside, so as to perfect rural consumption ethics and reasonably increase the contribution rate of consumption to economic growth.
【作者单位】：南京师范大学公共管理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目(15ZDB014) 江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(KYCX17_0998) 南京师范大学优秀博士学位论文选题资助计划项目(YXXT16_007)
【分类号】：B82-05;F323.8

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