新世纪以来青少年违法犯罪的特征、趋势与治理研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 16:05

本文关键词：新世纪以来青少年违法犯罪的特征、趋势与治理研究　出处：《天津商业大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国处于全球一体化进程中的社会转型期,中西文化差异、新旧道德冲突使得人类价值观向多元化方向发展,青少年此时形成的不成熟的道德观、人生观、世界观与现实社会环境相互作用,在个人主义和功利主义驱使下走上了违法犯罪道路。加强青少年犯罪问题研究,有助于完善青少年司法制度和法律体制建设,引导青少年树立正确的认识价值、决策价值和法学价值,为综合治理青少年违法犯罪提供了思想认识。现阶段国内外关于青少年违法犯罪的研究主要以法学、犯罪学和犯罪心理学为理论依据,本文力图综合社会学、政治学以及思想政治教育专业的相关知识,改变以往以刑法和社会治安管理处罚条例为基础的犯罪行为研究,主要从青少年的世界观、人生观、价值观视角出发,探究揭示新世纪以来青少年违法犯罪现象的发展趋势、特征、原因以及治理措施,引导青少年树立正确的人生价值观,从而为预防、控制和减少青少年违法犯罪行为提供一些理论意见和建议。本文主要采用文献研究法、定量定性分析法、系统科学法等研究方法,深入研究相关书籍、期刊、学位论文,在全面、准确地了解文献资料的基础上进行归纳总结,对研究对象的“量”与“质”进行全面分析,揭示青少年违法犯罪问题的本质和内在规律,预测该研究问题的发展趋势。第一,青少年违法犯罪研究现状及概念界定。从立法和学术方面介绍和分析了国内外预防青少年违法犯罪问题研究的基本情况,既包括发达资本主义国家如美国和英国等国的青少年违法犯罪状况,也论述了我国改革开放后尤其是新世纪以来青少年违法犯罪的现状和发展变化。在对改革开放后我国青少年违法犯罪问题研究的理论成果进行系统概括和阶段性划分的基础上总结了该问题的发展趋势。论述和比较国内外关于“青少年”以及“青少年违法犯罪”的概念研究,并在自然意义、学理意义和法律意义等方面加以区分,从而为该问题的研究提供一个较为科学合理的基础概念。第二,青少年违法犯罪的主要特征及发展趋势。对于青少年违法犯罪问题的研究必须结合青少年个体特征即生理与心理特点,通过对青少年身心年龄与社会环境间的矛盾、独立性与依附性间的矛盾、活动力与自制力间的矛盾、需求与现实间的矛盾的研究,总结出青少年违法犯罪的总体特征：低龄化、贪婪性、团伙性、暴力性、反复性、多样性、智能化,并且犯罪群体日趋多元化：涉毒群体、少女群体、“性”犯罪群体、网络犯罪群体以及闲散人员犯罪群体。深入了解青少年违法犯罪问题的特征与发展趋势能够为犯罪原因及治理措施的研究提供借鉴,有效地预防、控制和减少青少年违法犯罪。第三,青少年违法犯罪的成因分析和治理措施研究。青少年违法犯罪的原因千差(?)、因人而异,但总体分为社会原因、家庭原因、学校教育原因以及青少年个体原因,本文力图在综合分析政治、经济、文化、社会、家庭和学校等客观环境的基础上,将着眼于青少年个体及群体的认知、情绪、性格、动机等主观成因,使客观因成因与主观成因相结合,也使青少年个体及群体在不同的家庭、学校、社会环境等客观因素中始终坚持正确的价值观、人生观作为指导。同时针对不同的特征及成因提出相应的治理解决措施,使其不仅成为青少年违法犯罪问题研究的落脚点,也是新理论新动态新方向研究的出发点,从而为预防青少年违法犯罪这一系统工程的不断推进提供借鉴。
[Abstract]:Our country is in the period of social transformation in the process of global integration, the differences between Chinese and Western culture, and moral conflict makes human values to diversify the direction of development, the immature teenagers moral values, outlook on life, world outlook and the interaction between the social environment and embarked on a criminal path in individualism and utilitarianism driven to strengthen the study of the problem of juvenile delinquency, help to improve the juvenile justice system and legal system construction, to guide young people to establish a correct understanding of the value of decision value and legal value, provides an idea for the comprehensive management of juvenile delinquency.
Research on juvenile delinquency at home and abroad mainly by law, Criminology and criminal psychology as the theoretical basis, this paper tries to comprehensive sociology, political science and professional knowledge of the ideological and political education, change the previous study of crime in the criminal law and the social security administration punishment were based, mainly from the young people's world outlook, the outlook on life, value view, development trend, explore the new century to reveal the phenomena of juvenile delinquency characteristics, causes and control measures, to guide young people to establish the correct values of life, so as to prevent, control and provide some theoretical opinions and suggestions to reduce juvenile delinquency behavior. This paper mainly adopts the literature research method, analysis method the quantitative and qualitative research methods, system science method, in-depth study of the relevant books, journals, dissertations, in a comprehensive, accurate understanding of the literature On the basis of data, we summarize and summarize the "quantity" and "quality" of the research object, reveal the essence and inherent law of juvenile delinquency, and predict the development trend of this research problem.
First, the present situation and the concept of crime of teenagers defined. Analyze the basic situation of research at home and abroad on the prevention of juvenile delinquency is introduced and from the legislative and academic aspects, not only including the developed capitalist countries such as the United States and Britain and other countries of the illegal status of juvenile crime, also discusses China's reform and opening up especially after the current and development of teenagers the illegal crime since the beginning of the new century. This paper summarizes the development trend of the problem based on the theoretical research results after the reform and opening up, the problem of juvenile delinquency in China were summarized and the stage division. Discussion and comparison at home and abroad on the "Youth" and "the concept of juvenile delinquency", and in the natural meaning that distinction between academic significance and legal significance and other aspects, so as to provide a more scientific and reasonable basis for this problem.
Second, the main characteristics and development trend of juvenile delinquency. To study the problem of juvenile delinquency must be combined with individual characteristics that adolescent physiological and psychological characteristics of adolescents by age and social environment between the contradictions, independence and dependence between the contradictions, the contradiction between activity and self-control, on demand between reality, summed up the general characteristics of juvenile delinquency: younger age, greed, violence, gangs, repeatability, diversity, intelligence, and criminal groups have become more diversified: drug-related groups, girl groups, "" crime groups, cyber crime groups and idle personnel in-depth understanding of criminal groups. Provide reference to study characteristics and development trend of the problem of juvenile delinquency crime causes and control measures, effectively prevent, control and reduce juvenile delinquency.
Third, analysis of the causes of juvenile delinquency and countermeasures research. Juvenile delinquency cause thousands of poor (?), but generally divided into It differs from man to man., social reasons, family reasons, school reasons and adolescent individual reasons, this paper tries to analysis the political, economic, cultural, social, family and school objective basis the environment, will focus on the individual and group of teenagers cognition, emotion, personality, motivation and other subjective factors, the objective causes and subjective causes of the combination, also make individual and group of teenagers in different families, schools, social environment and other objective factors always adhere to the correct values, outlook on life as a guide. At the same time put forward the corresponding control measures to solve the characteristics and causes of different, which not only become the research on the problem of juvenile delinquency, is a new theory of the new direction of development In order to provide reference for the continuous promotion of the systematic project of juvenile delinquency in the prevention of juvenile delinquency.

【学位授予单位】：天津商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：C913.5

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