贵州省青少年毒品违法犯罪现状与治理对策

发布时间：2018-01-27 08:22

本文关键词： 贵州省青少年毒品违法犯罪现状原因治理对策　出处：《西南政法大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 自20世纪80年代以来，在我国已绝迹20多年的毒品违法犯罪又开始沉渣泛起，并在全国范围内迅速蔓延。毒品制造、贩卖、走私、运输等犯罪日益猖獗，吸毒人群迅猛扩张，其中广大青少年首当其冲成为毒品违法犯罪的牺牲品。尤其是进入20世纪90年代后，由于国际毒潮的泛滥，新一轮毒品违法犯罪浪潮席卷我国，青少年毒品违法犯罪问题随之迅速恶化，青少年贩毒者数量不断上升，且低龄化趋势日益明显；青少年滥用毒品现象日趋严重，并因此引发大量暴力刑事案件，极大地影响了社会治安。可以说，青少年毒品违法犯罪已成为我国亟待解决的社会问题。为了维护青少年的身心健康、有效地预防和控制青少年毒品违法犯罪，我们有必要加强青少年毒品违法犯罪问题的理论研究。目前我国关于这方面的研究和论著相当多，但大部分是理论性的研究，实证研究较少，而且绝大部分研究是就全国的青少年毒品违法犯罪现象而言，针对各个省市具体地区的研究较少。因此，，虽然这方面的研究成果较多，但由于大部分论著研究范围过于宽泛、提出的毒品违法犯罪现状、成因以及应对措施大都是概括性的，缺乏针对性，不能在禁毒实践中发挥较好的指导作用。笔者认为，毒品违法犯罪的产生、发展及其特点、规律，从某种意义上说是因特定的区位环境而形成的。离开特定的区位环境，就不可能深入、全面地考察毒品犯罪的历史沿革、成因、特点和规律，当然也就不能据此制定切实有效的打击毒品违法犯罪的正确对策。因此，本文仅以贵州一省的青少年毒品违法犯罪为视角，通过对该省的青少年毒品违法犯罪现象进行调查研究，总结分析出现阶段该省青少年毒品违法犯罪的基本状况、特点、并深入探讨青少年实施毒品违法犯罪的原因，在此基础上提出符合贵州省省情并具有可操作性的预防控制措施。因此，本文具有明显的理论意义和实践价值。全文共分四部分，约四万字。第一部分：绪论。该部分介绍了贵州省毒品违法犯罪的历史以及现状，目的在于为贵州省青少年毒品违法犯罪研究作一个铺垫，指明青少年毒品违法犯罪研究的大背景。贵州省地处我国西南地区云贵高原东北部，由于其大部分地区高寒多雾，适合鸦片种植，因此在暴利的驱动下，从清朝道光年间开始就有鸦片种植。至同治年间，贵州省逐渐形成黔北与西路两大产烟区，鸦片贸易盛极一时。省内遍布烟馆，吸毒者众。20世纪上半叶，制毒、吸毒、贩毒成为贵州近代最严重的公害之一。解放后，贵州省人民政府为禁绝烟毒展开了声势浩大的禁烟活动。到1952年底，全省范围的鸦片烟毒基本禁绝。但20世纪八十年代后贵州再次受到毒潮入侵。其中，青少年毒品违法犯罪成为贵州省突出的社会问题，亟待解决。第二部分：贵州省青少年毒品违法犯罪的实证研究。为全面、准确地掌握当前贵州省青少年毒品违法犯罪的现状，分析原因，寻求对策，笔者通过走访法院、检察院、公安机关，以及在戒毒所进行座谈、问卷调查等途径进行了关于我省青少年毒品违法犯罪的调查。从实施毒品违法犯罪行为的青少年人数、比例、年龄结构、职业结构、文化结构、性别结构等方面做了较为全面的调查研究，并由此总结出贵州省青少年毒品违法犯罪的特点。青少年毒品违法特点包括：青少年吸毒群体庞大；低龄化趋势明显；吸毒者以社会闲散青少年为主；滥用新型毒品日益突出；吸毒诱发违法犯罪严重；因吸毒感染艾滋病者较多。青少年毒品犯罪特点包括：毒品犯罪青少年主要集中在特定地区；青少年零包贩毒泛滥；外流贩毒青少年增多且出现多元化、智能化趋势；娱乐场所贩卖新型毒品现象突出；非法销售精神、麻醉药品案件突出。第三部分：贵州省青少年毒品违法犯罪的原因剖析。对于犯罪原因的准确分析可以有效地帮助我们提出行之有效的应对措施以预防和控制青少年毒品违法犯罪。因此，笔者在贵州省青少年毒品违法犯罪特点的基础上，从整个社会的宏观角度以及青少年自身的微观角度出发探寻了青少年滥用毒品以及实施毒品犯罪的主观原因和客观原因。其中青少年吸毒的主观因素主要包括好奇心理，精神空虚、苦闷，同学朋友的怂恿等等；客观原因主要包括社会上毒品泛滥的大环境影响，家庭教育的缺陷，学校教育的偏差等。青少年毒品犯罪的主观原因包括：自控力脆弱，文化素质低、法律意识淡薄，畸形的经济观念影响等；客观因素包括：历史因素，经济贫困、暴利驱使，综合打击力度薄弱，社会管理不善。第四部分：贵州省青少年毒品违法犯罪的治理对策探讨。通过对贵州省毒品违法犯罪历史的回顾、现状的阐述以及对青少年这一特殊群体的毒品违法犯罪现状、特点、原因的分析总结，笔者认为贵州省青少年毒品违法犯罪的治理对策主要应包括三方面：教育对策、行政对策及法律对策。教育对策主要包括家庭预防、学校预防和社会综合治理预防，该部分中笔者提出了许多新的禁毒宣传方式；行政对策主要包括，堵源截流、突出禁毒重点，严格管理外出务工人员，加大对娱乐场所的管理力度，完善强制戒毒措施，加强对精神药品、麻醉药品及易制毒化学品的管理；法律对策包括完善法律规定、完善地方行政法规的规定，对青少年毒品犯罪合理适用罚金刑等。
[Abstract]:Since 1980s, China has become extinct in 20 years of drug-related crimes began to rise again, and quickly spread throughout the country. Drug production and trafficking, smuggling, transportation and other crimes are increasingly rampant, the rapid expansion of the drug users, the majority of young people when the victim rushed become drug-related crimes. Especially in 1990s later, due to the international spread of narcotics, a new round of drug crime swept through China, the problem of juvenile drug crimes will deteriorate rapidly, the increasing number of juvenile drug traffickers, and the low age tendency; the phenomenon of adolescent drug abuse is becoming more and more serious, and therefore lead to a large number of violent criminal cases, greatly affected the society order. It can be said that the juvenile drug-related crimes has become a social problem to be solved in China. In order to maintain physical and mental health of young people, effectively The prevention and control of juvenile drug crimes, it is necessary for us to strengthen the theory problem of juvenile drug crimes. At present quite a lot of researches and books about this aspect in our country, but most of them are of theoretical research, empirical research, and most of the research is teenagers drug crimes phenomenon in China, to study various the specific area of provinces and cities less. Therefore, although more research in this area, but because most works on the broad scope of the drug crime situation, causes and measures are broad, lack of pertinence, can not play a good guidance in drug control practice. The author believes that the drug crime produce, development and characteristics of law, in a sense is due to the formation of specific regional environment. From the specific geographical environment, not May be thorough, history, comprehensive study of drug crime causes, characteristics and laws, correct Countermeasures of course also cannot make effective fight against drug crimes. Therefore, the only one in Guizhou province teenagers drug crimes from the perspective of research on the adolescent drug crime phenomenon in the province summarize and analyze the basic situation, characteristics, stage of the juvenile drug-related crimes, and discusses the causes of juvenile implementation of drug-related crimes, on this basis with Guizhou province and practical prevention and control measures. Therefore, this paper has obvious theoretical significance and practical value. The thesis is divided into four parts. About forty thousand words.
The first part: introduction. This part introduces the history and current situation of Guizhou Province, drug crimes, in order to make a foundation for the study of drug crime in Guizhou province teenagers, background of drug crimes specified in adolescents. Guizhou province is located in the northeast of Yunnan Guizhou Plateau in Southwest China, because most of its area in cold and foggy, suitable for the planting of opium, so in profits driven from the Qing Dynasty began planting opium. To Tongzhi years, Guizhou province has formed North Guizhou and west two major tobacco producing areas, the opium trade flourished throughout the province. The Yanguan, half of the drug, drug trafficking, drug.20 century, became one of Guizhou the most serious pollution of modern. After the liberation, the people's Government of Guizhou province launched the anti smoking campaign is great in strength and impetus to ban drug. By the end of 1952, opium banning the province. But the basic 20 After the 80s of the century, Guizhou was invaded by the tide of poison again. Among them, juvenile drug crimes have become a prominent social problem in Guizhou Province, which need to be solved urgently.
The second part is the empirical research of Guizhou province teenagers drug crimes. Comprehensive, accurately grasp the current situation, Guizhou province adolescent drug crime reason analysis, seek the countermeasure, the author visited the court, procuratorate, public security organs, as well as in rehab for discussion, questionnaire survey was conducted on the way of young people in our province drug crimes. From the number of teenagers, the implementation of drug crimes behavior proportion, age structure, occupation structure, cultural structure, do a morecomprehensive survey on gender structure, and summed up the characteristics of Guizhou province teenagers drug crimes. Including juvenile drug-related illegal features: large groups of young drug addicts; younger the trend is obvious; drug addicts to social idle youth; abuse of new drugs have become increasingly prominent; drug induced serious crimes due to smoking; Many AIDS virus infection. Including the characteristics of juvenile drug crimes: drug crime mainly concentrated in specific areas of youth; youth spread of zero packet drug trafficking; the outflow increased and the diversification of youth, the trend of intelligent entertainment; new drug trafficking phenomenon is prominent; the illegal sale of narcotics cases highlight the spirit.
The third part: analysis of the cause of Guizhou province teenagers drug crimes. The accurate analysis of the reason for the crime can effectively help us to put forward effective measures to prevent and control juvenile drug-related crimes. Therefore, the author in Guizhou Province Based on the characteristics of adolescent drug crimes, the micro perspective from a macro perspective of the whole society and to explore the subjective reasons of adolescent adolescent drug abuse and the implementation of drug crime and objective reasons. The subjective factors include teenage drug curiosity, spiritual emptiness, depression, friends encourage and so on; the objective reasons include social environment influence on drug abuse, the defect of family education, school education, the deviation. Including the subjective reasons of juvenile drug crime: weak self-control, low cultural quality, weak legal consciousness The objective factors include: historical factors, economic poverty, profiteering, comprehensive strike strength and poor social management.
The fourth part: discuss the Countermeasures in Guizhou Province youth drug crimes. Through reviewing the history of drug crime in Guizhou Province, the status quo of this special group of teenagers drug crime situation, characteristics, analyze and summarize the reasons, the author thinks that the Countermeasures in Guizhou province teenagers drug crimes should be mainly three aspects including: education strategies, administrative measures and legal countermeasures. The countermeasures include prevention of family education, school prevention and comprehensive management of social prevention, in this part, the author puts forward many new anti drug propaganda; administrative measures include, duyuanjieliu, prominent drug focus, strict management of migrant workers, intensify the management of entertainment places perfect, compulsory rehabilitation measures, strengthen the psychotropic drugs and precursor chemicals, anesthesia drug management; legal measures including perfecting the law It is stipulated that the provisions of the local administrative regulations should be perfected, and the penalty for the juvenile drug crimes should be reasonably applied.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D917

【引证文献】