论灾害事件中公安指挥决策及其评价

发布时间：2018-03-02 14:09

本文选题：灾害性事件　切入点：公安指挥决策　出处：《华中师范大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 当前,由于国内外的种种原因,社会不安定因素较多。其中相当部分的不稳定因素可以通过防范、疏导等的手段,在其出现苗头时来消除。从今年贵州的瓮安群体性事件、上海的闸北分局袭警和新疆边防战士遇袭等案件来看,事件发生的成因和防范的决策及其评价等问题,都需要我们认真探讨。本文第一部分从分析灾害性事件的危害性和基本特征入手,探讨了公安指挥决策的属性、特点及作用,分析了公安指挥决策评价的实质及意义。本文所指的灾害性事件是指突然发生的可能威胁到国家安全、人民生命财产安全,需要各级应急组织在短时间内作出反应,以防止损失与危害进一步扩大的各种事件,它具有突发性、灾害性、不确定性、连带性及信息不充分等特征。而处置灾害性事件的公安指挥决策,既具有一般决策的属性,也具有自身的特殊性如快速性和暴力性等特点,同时具有打击犯罪、维护社会稳定以及保护人民生命财产安全等重大作用。灾害性事件中公安指挥决策的优化离不开对它的评价即对此决策的效果进行判断,它不仅是决策活动中重要的环节,而且对提高决策执行的可行度,克服决策执行中的障碍,提升公安管理水平具有重大意义。本文第二部分探讨了灾害性事件中公安指挥决策的基本思维方法。公安指挥决策思维既需要再现性思维,也需要创造性思维。再现性思维表现为经验性决策思维、理性决策思维的思维方式;创造性思维则表现为辩证思维、形象思维和灵感思维。创造、再现相辅相成,公安指挥决策思维是经验性决策思维、理性决策思维和形象思维、灵感思维等思维形式的综合运用。经验性决策思维具有自发性、直接性和非逻辑性等特点,所以它的实用非常广泛,但其局限性也很明显,即它对客观世界的反应比较肤浅,无法应对经验以外的世界。理性思维具有实用性广泛和理论指导性强等特点。但由于信息基础的不准确和社会环境的复杂性,仅靠理性思维常常会使工作陷于被动。本文第三部分探讨了灾害性事件中公安指挥决策评价的类型与思维方法。公安指挥决策评价的类型从所处的阶段上看,可以分为决策执行前、执行中和执行后的评价。执行前评价对决策的发展有预测性,执行中评价目的是弥补不足、修正偏差,执行后评价则可以总结经验,提高今后的决策水平。公安指挥决策评价的思维方法通常有支持评价模式、否定与修正模式。但也应该清楚地看到灾害性事件中公安指挥决策评价存在了评价的不确定性、效果的多样性和影响的广泛性等问题,以及人们对证据的认识有主观色彩等复杂性。本文第四部分针对灾害性事件中公安指挥决策及评价活动存在的问题及其原因,探讨了加强指挥决策及其评价合理性的要求。本文指出,只有通过科学认识评价和决策之间的相互关系,全面加强决策和评价的制度建设,着力改进决策及其评价的思维方法,才能根除存在于当前指挥决策及其评价中的思想误区,制定出正确决策,保障灾害性事件处置工作的有效实施。
[Abstract]:At present, due to various reasons at home and abroad, social unrest. The more unstable factors through a considerable part of the prevention, counseling and other means, in the emergence of signs to eliminate from the event. In group this year in Guizhou, Shanghai, Zhabei and Xinjiang branch of police border guards attack cases, problems the incident of the causes and prevention of the decision-making and evaluation, we need to seriously study.
The first part of this paper from the analysis of the basic characteristics of hazard and disaster event start, discusses the police decision-making attributes, characteristics and functions, analyzes the essence and significance of the police decision-making evaluation. This paper refers to the disastrous events refers to the sudden threat to national security, people's lives and property safety, need at all levels the emergency organization to respond in a short period of time, various events to prevent loss and damage to further expand, it has a sudden disaster, uncertainty, and related information limited. And the disposal of disaster events by public security command decision, not only has the general attributes of decision, also has its own particularity such as fast and violent, with the fight against crime, maintaining social stability and protect people's lives and property safety and other major role. The optimization decision of public security refers to the essential disaster event It is inseparable from its evaluation, that is, judging the effect of this decision. It is not only an important part of decision-making activities, but also of great significance for improving the feasibility of decision-making implementation, overcoming obstacles in decision-making and improving the level of public security management.
The second part discusses the basic way of thinking in the command and policy-making. Police command decision thinking requires reappearance thinking, also needs creative thinking. Reappearance thinking performance for empirical decision-making thinking, rational thinking; creative thinking includes dialectical thinking, image thinking and inspiration thinking. To create. Reproduction of complement each other, police command decision thinking is experiential decision-making thinking, rational thinking and image thinking, comprehensive use of inspiration and thinking of thinking form. Empirical decision-making thinking has the characteristics of direct and spontaneous, non logical, so it is very practical and extensive, but its limitations are very obvious, it is in response to the objective the world is shallow, unable to cope with the experience of the outside world. Rational thinking has the characteristics of practical and theoretical guidance and strong. But due to the information base The inaccuracy of the foundation and the complexity of the social environment often make the work passive only by rational thinking.
The third part discusses the types and ways of thinking in the command and policy-making evaluation. Type the police decision-making evaluation from the stage point of view, can be divided into the decision before the execution, execution and evaluation after the implementation of the evaluation on the development. Before the execution of the decision are pre measured, in the implementation of the purpose of the evaluation is to make up for lack of correct deviations, after the implementation of evaluation can sum up experience, improve the level of decision-making in the future. The thinking method of the police decision-making evaluation usually support evaluation model, negative revision model. But it should be clear that there is the evaluation of the uncertainty in the command and policy-making evaluation, such as extensive effect the diversity and influence, and awareness of evidence are subjective complexity.
In the fourth part, in view of the existing decision-making and evaluation activities of public security command disaster event in question and the reason, discusses the importance of decision-making and the rationality of the evaluation requirements. This paper points out that only through a scientific understanding of the relationship between evaluation and decision-making, strengthen system construction decision-making and evaluation, improve the thinking method of decision-making and evaluation. In order to eliminate the misunderstanding exists in the current command decision and evaluation, make correct decision, to ensure the effective implementation of disaster events disposal work.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D631.1

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