利多卡因在硬膜外麻醉犬体内动态分布的研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 16:19

本文选题：利多卡因　切入点：硬膜外麻醉　出处：《山西医科大学》2006年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的 1 建立犬利多卡因硬膜外麻醉和静脉注射动态分布模型； 2 研究利多卡因在硬膜外麻醉(硬膜外麻醉、静脉注射)犬体内各脏器的动态分布规律； 3 比较利多卡因在动态分布模型犬体内各脏器中的分布特点，为利多卡因硬膜外麻醉意外致死案件的检材采取、检测、结果分析、死因判定及法医学鉴定提供科学依据。方法 1 动物模型硬膜外麻醉动物模型用犬36只，随机分为1倍麻醉极量实验组(18只)和0.5倍麻醉极量实验组(18只)两组，，实验组犬5分钟内经硬膜外腔匀速注入利多卡因15mg／kg(7.5mg／kg)，分别于不同时间点空气栓塞致死。静脉注射动物模型用犬18只，实验组犬5分钟内经股静脉匀速注入利多卡因15mg／kg，分别于不同时间点空气栓塞致死。 2 生命体征记录方法 BL-生物机能实验系统全程记录死后再分布模型从开始给药到动物死亡的心电、血压和呼吸等主要生命体征的变化。 3 样品采集与处理每种动物模型分别于给药后5、15、30、60、120、360分钟空气栓塞致死，迅速解剖动物，取大脑、侧脑室脑脊液、不同节段脊髓(颈段脊髓、胸段脊髓、腰段脊髓、骶段脊髓)、心、肺、肝、脾、肾、胆汁、尿、心血、周围血和注射部位20cm以外肌肉等组织脏器和体液，即刻检测实验犬各组织和体液中利多卡因含量。检测样品经酸、碱化处理后，乙醚萃取，保留时间和特征离子峰气相色谱-质谱联用定性，内标法、工作曲线法气相色谱定量。结果 1 症状硬膜外麻醉实验组犬在注药开始后5～8min即出现兴奋状态消失，呼吸频率减慢，胸式呼吸渐弱，腹式呼吸增强，肌肉松弛，无疼痛反应，随时间延长症状减轻，未见死亡。静脉注射麻醉实验组犬在注药开始后5～8min即出现阵发性抽搐，呼吸困难，胸式呼吸渐弱，腹式呼吸增强，呼吸频率加快，肌肉松弛，无疼痛反应，随时间延长症状减轻，未见死亡。 2 动态分布研究 2．1 1倍麻醉极量利多卡因在硬膜外麻醉犬体内的动态分布给药后不同时间点犬体内利多卡因分布趋势一致，均为先升高，达到峰值后下降。含量顺序为：各段脊髓＞肾脏、脑和脑脊液＞其它组织。脊髓含量远远高于其它组织脏器，
[Abstract]:Purpose. 1 the dynamic distribution model of epidural anesthesia and intravenous injection of lidocaine in dogs was established. (2) to study the dynamic distribution of lidocaine in the organs of dogs under epidural anesthesia (epidural anesthesia, intravenous injection); 3 the distribution characteristics of lidocaine in the organs of dynamic distribution model dogs were compared, which provided the scientific basis for the examination, detection, analysis of results, cause of death and forensic identification of lidocaine in cases of accidental death under epidural anesthesia. Method. 1 animal model. Thirty-six dogs with epidural anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups: experimental group (n = 18) and experimental group (n = 18). In the experimental group, lidocaine 15 mg / kg and 7.5 mg / kg were injected into the epidural cavity within 5 minutes and died of air embolization at different time points. Eighteen dogs were injected intravenously with lidocaine 15 mg / kg in 5 minutes. The dogs in the experimental group died from air embolization at different time points. 2 vital sign recording method. The changes of vital signs, such as electrocardiogram, blood pressure and respiration, were recorded in BL- biological function experiment system from the beginning of administration to the death of animals. 3 sampling and processing. Each animal model was killed by air embolization (ACE) for 360 minutes, 5 minutes after administration. The animals were rapidly dissected, brain, lateral ventricle cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), different segments of spinal cord (cervical spinal cord, thoracic spinal cord, lumbar spinal cord, sacral spinal cord, heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney) were removed. Bile, urine, heart blood, peripheral blood and muscle 20 cm away from the injection site were measured for lidocaine content. After acid and alkali treatment, ether extraction, retention time and characteristic ion peak gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were used for qualitative analysis, internal standard method and work curve method. Results. 1 symptom. In the epidural anesthesia group, the excitatory state disappeared at 5min after injection, the respiratory rate slowed down, the chest breathing weakened, the abdominal breathing increased, the muscles relaxed, and there was no pain response. The symptoms were alleviated and no death was seen with the prolongation of time. The dogs in the intravenous anesthesia group developed paroxysmal convulsions, dyspnea, weakened chest breathing, enhanced abdominal breathing, rapid respiratory rate, muscle relaxation, no pain response, and reduced symptoms over time. There was no death. 2 study on dynamic distribution. 2.1 dynamic Distribution of Lidocaine in epidural Anesthesia Dogs. The distribution trend of lidocaine in dogs at different time points was the same, which increased first, reached the peak and then decreased. The order of content was as follows: spinal cord > kidney, brain and cerebrospinal fluid > other tissues. The content of spinal cord was much higher than that of other tissues and organs.
【学位授予单位】：山西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：D919

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