司法鉴定价值论

发布时间：2018-03-10 01:09

本文选题：司法鉴定　切入点：鉴定正义　出处：《南京师范大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 当改革的浪潮以摧枯拉朽之势席卷旧的司法鉴定制度时,我国司法鉴定的一个新的时代拉开了序幕。改革的方向带来司法鉴定的价值思考,价值问题对于明确司法鉴定的性质、推进司法制度和诉讼程序的改进和解决当前司法鉴定活动面临的现实问题有着重要的意义。司法鉴定活动作为诉讼活动的一种,其科学性质又使之区别于一般的诉讼活动,所以司法鉴定具有科学性和法律性的双重属性。公正是司法鉴定的首要价值,司法鉴定活动要体现和追求鉴定正义和鉴定公平。司法鉴定活动的科学性决定了司法鉴定活动的正义价值内涵不同于一般的诉讼活动,而应该包含科学正义的理念。科学正义、程序正义和实体正义是鉴定正义价值的三个层面,三者之间存在着相互冲突与平衡的关系。公平对于参与司法鉴定活动的不同主体意味着不同程度的平等选择权利,法官、当事人和鉴定人的选择权利存在一定的相互制约。效率也是司法鉴定价值中必然包含的内容,尽量减少付出的时间上、经济上和伦理上的成本是鉴定活动服务裁判的另一追求。两大法系国家不同的鉴定制度特点和经验告诉我们,鉴定的公正和效率有时是存在冲突的。如何保证鉴定公正和鉴定效率,使得司法鉴定活动获得有效率的公正,才是鉴定活动的目标。多头鉴定、重复鉴定和鉴定活动带来诉讼时限延长的问题是影响鉴定效率的突出问题,应当通过立法进行规制。目前我国正处在司法鉴定体制的改革中,制度的不足是我国鉴定秩序混乱的原因,要根本解决改革中的司法鉴定的制度、管理体制等现实问题,就要以公正和效率为目标建构司法鉴定新秩序,保障司法鉴定的中立性、独立性、客观性、科学性是公正价值的体现,合理配置资源和确立鉴定活动的公益性是鉴定效率的要求。
[Abstract]:When the tide of reform sweeps through the old judicial expertise system, a new era of judicial expertise begins in our country. The direction of reform brings the value thinking of judicial expertise, and the value problem makes clear the nature of judicial expertise. It is of great significance to promote the improvement of judicial system and procedure and to solve the practical problems facing the current judicial expertise. As a kind of litigation activities, the scientific nature of judicial expertise makes it different from general litigation activities. So judicial expertise has the dual attribute of science and law. Justice is the primary value of judicial expertise, and judicial expertise should embody and pursue justice and fairness. The scientific nature of judicial expertise determines that the connotation of justice value of judicial expertise is different from that of ordinary litigation activities. Scientific justice, procedural justice and substantive justice are the three aspects of evaluating the value of justice. There is a conflict and balance between the three. Fairness means equal right of choice to different degrees for different subjects participating in judicial expertise, and the right of choice of judges, parties and experts has certain mutual constraints. Efficiency is also the content that must be included in the value of judicial expertise. Economic and ethical costs are the other pursuit of service adjudication. The characteristics and experience of the different appraisal systems in the countries of the two legal systems tell us that. The justice and efficiency of identification sometimes conflict. How to ensure the fairness and efficiency of identification, so that the judicial identification activities can obtain efficient justice, is the goal of identification activities. The problem of repeated identification and the extension of litigation time is a prominent problem which affects the efficiency of appraisal and should be regulated by legislation. At present, our country is in the process of the reform of the judicial expertise system. The deficiency of the system is the cause of the confusion of the appraisal order in our country. We must fundamentally solve the practical problems such as the system of judicial expertise and the management system in the reform. It is necessary to construct a new order of judicial expertise with the aim of fairness and efficiency, and to ensure the neutrality, independence, objectivity and scientific nature of judicial expertise, which are the embodiment of the value of justice. Rational allocation of resources and establishment of public welfare of appraisal activities are the requirements of appraisal efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D918.9

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