劳动教养制度及其重构

发布时间：2018-03-12 21:39

本文选题：劳动教养　切入点：制度　出处：《中国政法大学》2003年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 劳动教养制度自1955年产生以来，在预防违法犯罪和社会治安综合治理方面发挥了积极的作用。但是，随着我国依法治国进程的推进和社会法制观念的日益增强，特别是公民人权意识的觉醒，劳动教养制度存在的弊端日益显露。对劳动教养制度进行改革已势在必行。第一章：劳动教养制度的历史沿革概述了劳动教养制度创建、发展的历史进程及劳动教养制度取得的历史成就。第二章：劳动教养制度的主要问题和缺陷剖析、反思了劳动教养制度存在的问题和缺陷，主要表现在六个方面：一是劳动教养的性质不确定；二是劳动教养制度法出多门，效力不一，体系庞杂，执法随意性大；三是缺乏有效的监督制约和救济机制及程序规定；四是劳动教养的期限规定太长；五是劳动教养适用范围太窄，不利于打击违法犯罪行为；六是劳动教养的合法性、合理性、正当性存在危机。第三章：劳动教养制度与保安处分之比较简要介绍国外的保安处分制度，并与中国的劳动教养制度进行了比较。第四章：劳动教养制度之重构概述了目前劳动教养制度改革中的几种设想，主要有两大模式、四种方案，即：行政模式和刑事模式，行政模式又有劳动教养司法化和行政处罚化两种方案，刑事模式中有保安处分化和刑罚化两种方案。在对劳动教养制度的各种改革方案进行分析评价后，提出对劳动教养制度的重构方案。结论：劳动教养制度的改革必须以中国刑事法律制度和行政法律制度的全面改革为前提，在废除现有劳动教养制度的基础上，对现有的行政、治安、刑罚措施的范围进行重新界定，根据现有劳动教养对象行为的罪错性质分别纳入以上三种措施之中，还应根据中国的具体情况建立中国式的保安处分制度。
[Abstract]:Since its birth in 1955, the system of re-education through labor has played an active role in the prevention of illegal crimes and the comprehensive management of public security. However, with the advancement of the process of administering the country according to law and the strengthening of the concept of social legal system, Especially with the awakening of citizen's consciousness of human rights, the malpractice of reeducation through labor system is becoming more and more obvious, so it is imperative to reform the system of reeducation through labor. Chapter one: the Historical Evolution of the system of Reeducation through Labor. This paper summarizes the historical process of the establishment and development of the system of reeducation through labor and the historical achievements of the system of reeducation through labor. Chapter two: the main problems and defects of the system of Reeducation through Labor. This paper analyzes and reflects on the problems and defects in the system of re-education through labor, which are mainly manifested in six aspects: first, the nature of reeducation through labour is uncertain; Third, lack of effective supervision, restriction, relief mechanism and procedural provisions; fourth, too long time limit for re-education through labor; fifth, too narrow scope of application of re-education through labor, which is not conducive to cracking down on illegal and criminal acts; and sixth, legality and rationality of re-education through labour. There is a crisis in legitimacy. Chapter three: the comparison between the system of Reeducation through Labor and Security measures. This paper briefly introduces the system of security measures in foreign countries and compares it with the system of reeducation through labor in China. Chapter 4th: the Reconstruction of Reeducation through Labor system. This paper summarizes several tentative ideas in the reform of re-education through labor system at present. There are mainly two major models, four schemes, namely, administrative mode and criminal mode, and administrative mode has two kinds of schemes, that is, judicial reeducation through labor and administrative punishment. There are two kinds of schemes in the criminal model: the division of the security department and the punishment. After analyzing and evaluating the various reform schemes of the re-education through labor system, the author puts forward the reconstruction scheme of the re-education through labor system. Conclusion: the reform of the re-education through labor system must be based on the comprehensive reform of the criminal law system and the administrative legal system in China, and on the basis of abolishing the existing system of re-education through labour, the existing administration and public security should be improved. The scope of penalty measures should be redefined according to the nature of the crime and error of the existing reeducation through labor act respectively into the above three measures and the system of security measures of Chinese style should be established according to the specific conditions of China.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：D926.8

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