警察心理韧性量表的编制

发布时间：2018-04-19 10:35

本文选题：警察 + 心理韧性　；参考：《西南大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：心理韧性是个体的心理健康从困境或不幸事件中得到恢复,免于不良事件影响的一种现象,最初是为了研究处于高压力环境下成长的儿童发展问题,自上世纪七十年代至今,学术界有关心理韧性的研究提出了众多的理论和概念模型,研究领域也逐渐从发展心理学扩展到健康心理学、积极心理学但由于对心理韧性的理解不同,目前对于心理韧性的标准或概念尚未达成一致的意见。尽管如此,在众多的研究视角和领域中,心理韧性的核心概念却日益突出,即如何帮助个体摆脱负面消极事件的影响,以致目前的研究已不仅开始关注心理韧性的评估,也开始关注心理韧性的提升和干预策略。本文正是以此为基础,重点关注警察的心理韧性问题。警察作为经历消极事件的重要群体,和正常人群相比,经历了较多的负面事件及高压力的体验。本研究通过理论梳理、文献综述、以及深入访谈,确定了警察心理韧性量表的结构因素,并编制了初测题目。警察心理韧性的结构包括：(1)职业认同：警察对于自身职业的认可,体现在身份认同和接纳；(2)：情绪调节：在面对消极事件时或消极事件之后的情绪状况的稳定性；(3)现场应对：身临现场处置突发事件的能力；(4)乐观态度：对于社会环境、职业以及价值观的积极态度向上且稳定的态度；(5)自我效能：对于处置突发事件能力的自信程度。本研究以这些结构为基础编制了初测题目,通过深入访谈、编制初测题目、正式施测等步骤编制了警察心理韧性量表。初测题目来自530人的警察群体,通过探索性因素分析,通过探索性因素分析探索出5个因子,初步验证了之前的理论构想。同时通过项目分析及因素负荷量检验了因素的适当性。在此基础上,形成了21道题目的正式量表。第二次施测得到523份样本。通过信度分析得到量表总分的内部一致性信度系数为0.803,通过各因素之间以及总分的相关矩阵和验证性因素分析,均显示了良好的统计效果。表明该量表的稳定性以及所测量心理特点的有效性,可作为警察心理韧性的测量和评估工作。综上所述,本研究得出的结论如下： (1)警察心理韧性是一个多维度的心理过程,包括职业认同、情绪调节、现场应对、乐观态度、自我效能五个维度。 (2)本研究所编制警察心理韧性量表,具有较好的信度和效度,可作为警察心理韧性评估和干预的测量工具。 (3)本研究发现警察心理韧性的因素存在警种差异,刑事处突类警察在现场应对、乐观态度、自我效能维度上与日常警务类警察存在显著差异；在情绪调节、职业认同、乐观态度三个维度上,刑事处突类警察的心理韧性得分低于日常警务类警察；而在年龄因素上,46-55岁年龄组与18-25岁年龄组在现场应对的维度存在显著差异,在职业认同维度,18-25年龄组得分则显著高于26-34岁年龄组；而在性别因素上,除了在情绪调节维度上,男性警察和显著低于女性警察外,其余维度上男性警察都高于女性警察,且在现场应对、乐观态度、以及自我效能维度上差异显著。
[Abstract]:Psychological toughness is a phenomenon in which the mental health of an individual recovers from a difficult or tragic event , and is free from the influence of adverse events .
( 2 ) Emotional adjustment : the stability of emotional state after or after negative events ;
( 3 ) On - site response : the ability to dispose of emergencies at the site ;
( 4 ) Optimism : Positive and stable attitude towards social environment , occupation and values ;
( 5 ) Self - efficacy : The degree of self - confidence in handling emergency capabilities .

Based on these structures , the author has prepared the initial test subject , and prepared the psychological toughness scale of the police through the deep interview , the preparation of the initial test subject and the formal application . The paper has formed a formal scale of 21 subjects through exploratory factor analysis . The reliability coefficient of the internal consistency of the scale is 0.803 . Through the analysis of the reliability and the correlation matrix of the total score and the confirmatory factor analysis , a good statistical effect is obtained . The results show that the stability of the scale and the validity of the measured psychological characteristics can be used as the measurement and evaluation of the psychological toughness of the police .

( 1 ) Psychological toughness of police is a multidimensional psychological process , including occupation identification , emotion regulation , on - site response , optimistic attitude and self - efficacy .

( 2 ) The Institute has compiled the psychological toughness scale of the police , which has good reliability and validity , and can be used as a measuring tool for the evaluation and intervention of the psychological toughness of the police .

( 3 ) There are police differences in the factors of the psychological toughness of the police , and there are significant differences between the police in the field , the optimistic attitude , the self - efficacy dimension and the daily policing police ;
In the three dimensions of emotion regulation , occupation identification and optimistic attitude , the psychological toughness of the police in the criminal punishment category is lower than that of the daily police ;
In the age group , the age group of 46 - 55 and the age group of 18 - 25 years showed significant difference , and the score of 18 - 25 age group was significantly higher than that in the age group of 26 - 34 in the age group of 18 - 25 age group .
On the basis of gender , except in the emotional regulation dimension , male police and significantly lower than female police , male police in the remaining dimensions are higher than female police , and there are significant differences in response , optimism , and self - efficacy dimension in the field .

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D631.1;B844.3

【参考文献】