1927-1937年河南保安研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 22:01

本文选题：民国 + 河南　；参考：《河南大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 保安是民国时期一支独特的军事力量,是当时民国进行国家管理的一个重要手段,秉承国家意志,实施社会控制。近代中国的保安,主要担负着维护社会治安的功能,它的出现标志着国家政权已成功的完成了对地方势力的掌控,地方武装力量完全被纳入到国家军事体系当中。1927—1937年间,南京国民政府改革地方武装,强化军事集权,使保安成为维持其统治的得力工具。河南处中央政府的直接管辖之下,又是当时重要的剿匪反共区域,其保安制度的变更及建设状况能够典型的反应南京国民政府在保安制度建设上的努力与成效。本文从以下五个方面探讨了1927—1937年间河南地方保安制度建设状况。一、背景。二十世纪前期的河南社会动荡,土匪横行,秩序混乱,在此背景下,各种防匪自卫力量相继出现,但由于缺乏指挥上的统一性和协调性,这些地方武装形同虚设,只是被动的防范,起不到从根本上治匪的作用。二、保安制度与组织系统。1927年,省政府把各种地方武装统一为民团军,1928年,把民团军更名为人民自卫团,1931年,南京国民政府把各县常备民团改为保安队,后备民团改为保卫团,同隶于省保安处。至此,省府完成了对地方势力的统一,同时,保安团队实力在被整编的过程中得到了加强。三、保安经费与装备。河南保安经费的筹集,以亩捐、地丁附加为主,附以商捐,这些收入足以保证保安团队经费的开支,故河南保安装备比较精良。出于剿匪的需要,保安的交通、通讯等设备配备优良。四、保安官佐与群体面貌。河南通过规范保安官佐选任程序,严格官佐考核办法,注重官佐教育培训,使保安各级官佐的素质得以提高;通过保障保安士兵薪饷,积极的业务培训,增强了广大士兵的战斗能力,河南保安群体处于一个良好的状态。五、保安职权与义务。保安肩负着打击土匪、维护治安的任务,此外,由于保安队员与民众的关系非常紧密,在教育民众方面发挥着示范作用。在扩充军队方面,保安也有着义不容辞的责任。
[Abstract]:Security guard was a unique military force in the period of the Republic of China. It was an important means of national management in the Republic of China at that time, and carried out social control according to the will of the country. The security of modern China was mainly responsible for the function of maintaining public order. Its appearance marked the successful completion of the state regime's control of local forces, and the local armed forces were fully incorporated into the national military system between 1927 and 1937. The Nanjing National Government reformed the local armed forces, strengthened the military centralization, and made the security guard a powerful tool to maintain its rule. Henan was under the direct control of the central government and was also an important anti-Communist region at that time. The change and construction of its security system could reflect the efforts and results of the Nanjing National Government in the construction of security system. This paper discusses the construction of Henan local security system from the following five aspects: 1927-1937. I. background. In the early 20th century, Henan was characterized by social unrest, banditry and chaos. Against this background, various anti-bandits self-defence forces emerged one after another, but because of the lack of unity and coordination in command, these local armed forces were virtually empty. Only passive prevention, can not fundamentally control the role of bandits. (2) the security system and organizational system. In 1927, the provincial government unified various local armed forces into a militia army. In 1928, it changed its name to the people's Self-Defense Regiment. In 1931, the Nanjing National Government changed the county standing militia regiment into a security corps and the reserve militia regiment into a guard regiment. With the provincial security office. So far, the provincial government has completed the unification of local forces, while the strength of the security team has been strengthened in the process of integration. Third, security funds and equipment. The collection of security funds in Henan Province is mainly made up of mu donation, additional land donation and commercial donation. These revenues are sufficient to ensure the expenditure of security team funds, so Henan has more sophisticated security equipment. Out of the need to suppress bandits, security traffic, communications and other equipment is well equipped. Fourth, security officers and group appearance. Henan has improved the quality of security officers at all levels by standardizing the procedures for selecting and appointing security officers, strictly enforcing the methods of assessing and assessing officials and cadres, paying attention to education and training, and actively providing professional training through ensuring the salary of security guards. Increased the combat ability of the vast number of soldiers, Henan security groups in a good state. Fifth, security authority and obligation. Security guards shoulder the task of fighting bandits and maintaining public order. In addition, security guards play an exemplary role in educating the public because of their close relationship with the public. In the expansion of the armed forces, security also has an unshirkable responsibility.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D631.4

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