论我国未成年人犯罪背景调查制度的构建

发布时间：2018-04-24 02:39

本文选题：未成年人 + 犯罪背景　；参考：《复旦大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 未成年人的健康成长事关国家的兴衰荣辱,也关系到人类社会的可持续发展。未成年人犯罪背景调查制度作为青少年司法制度的重要组成部分,该制度的构建对于在司法程序中正确评断未成年被告人、科学审慎地保护其合法权益尤为重要。在西方国家数百年的法治建设进程中,包括未成年人犯罪背景调查制度在内的未成年人保护制度已经发展得较为完备和科学。而作为发展中国家的中国,未成年人犯罪背景调查制度还处于起步阶段,在司法制度建构、理论研究和现实实践中都重视不足。基于对未成年人保护问题的关注,论文以我国未成年人犯罪背景调查制度为研究对象,分五章进行探讨。第一章对未成年人犯罪背景调查制度的的基本问题进行了研究,包括未成年人犯罪背景调查制度的含义、性质和特征,并追溯了未成年人犯罪背景调查制度的历史发展。第二章结合犯罪原因论和程序正义论,论证了建立未成年人犯罪背景调查制度的必要性、合理性和正当性,探讨了建立未成年人犯罪背景调查制度的理论基础问题;分析了我国未成年人犯罪现状和未成年人法律保护的缺陷,详述了构建未成年人犯罪背景调查制度的现实意义。第三章重点选择英美法系和大陆法系四个国家的未成年人犯罪背景调查制度进行比较研究,总结两大法系实施这项制度的共同实践成果,指出了我国相关制度建设可资借鉴的域外制度资源。第四章剖析了我国目前未成年人犯罪背景调查制度的相关规定及其实践现状,总结制度探索的经验和实践成果,揭示了其中存在的不足和问题。第五章在上述各章理论和实践分析的基础上,提出建立我国未成年人犯罪背景调查制度的构想,包括构建方式、基本原则、具体制度内容等。本文认为,我国构建未成年人犯罪背景调查制度,可以考虑这样的制度安排:以民政部门作为调查机关;调查机关在接收法院委托后指派工作人员,开展未成年人犯罪背景调查工作,出具调查报告;调查报告为法官对未成年人的刑事案件定罪量刑提供依据。
[Abstract]:The healthy growth of minors is not only related to the rise and fall of the country, but also to the sustainable development of human society. Background investigation system of juvenile delinquency is an important part of juvenile justice system. The construction of this system is particularly important to judge juvenile defendants correctly and protect their legitimate rights and interests scientifically and prudently. In the course of the construction of the rule of law in western countries for hundreds of years, the protection system of minors, including the background investigation system of juvenile delinquency, has been developed comparatively well and scientifically. As a developing country, the background investigation system of juvenile delinquency in China is still in its infancy, which is not paid enough attention to in the construction of judicial system, theoretical research and practical practice. Based on the concern about the protection of minors, this paper discusses the background investigation system of juvenile delinquency in five chapters. The first chapter studies the basic problems of the background investigation system of juvenile delinquency, including the meaning, nature and characteristics of the background investigation system of juvenile delinquency, and traces the historical development of the background investigation system of juvenile delinquency. The second chapter discusses the necessity, rationality and legitimacy of establishing the background investigation system of juvenile delinquency, and discusses the theoretical basis of establishing the background investigation system of juvenile delinquency. This paper analyzes the current situation of juvenile delinquency in China and the defects of the legal protection of minors, and expounds the practical significance of constructing the background investigation system of juvenile delinquency. Chapter three focuses on the comparative study of the background investigation system of juvenile delinquency in four countries of Anglo-American law system and civil law system, and summarizes the common practical results of the two law systems. This paper points out the foreign institutional resources which can be used for reference in the construction of relevant systems in China. The fourth chapter analyzes the relevant provisions of the background investigation system of juvenile delinquency in China and its practical status, summarizes the experience and practical results of the system exploration, and reveals the shortcomings and problems. On the basis of the theoretical and practical analysis of the above chapters, the fifth chapter puts forward the conception of establishing the background investigation system of juvenile delinquency in China, including the way of construction, the basic principles, the content of the specific system, and so on. This paper holds that in order to establish a background investigation system for juvenile delinquency in China, we can consider such institutional arrangements as follows: the civil affairs department is the investigative organ; the investigative organ appoints the staff after receiving the commission of the court. To carry out background investigation of juvenile delinquency and issue investigation report, which provides the basis for the judge to convict and sentence minors in criminal cases.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：C913.5

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