犯罪的国家责任初论

发布时间：2018-05-12 01:04

本文选题：犯罪 + 国家责任　；参考：《厦门大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 本文从犯罪学研究角度分三个部分展开对犯罪的国家责任的理论研究和实践考虑。从“犯罪学——犯罪”之间历久弥新的博弈关系出发,提出了国家因素对犯罪关系、犯罪现象决定性作用之命题。认为对国家这个因素的漠视和忽略是犯罪学研究的重大缺失,正是国家对自身防控犯罪职责定位的逃避和懈怠影响了国家应有作用和功能的发挥,导致人类对犯罪现象预防控制的无能为力或效果不佳。首先,本文以犯罪关系中的国家因素为研究进路,基于国家权力、职责、公民权利等法学基本理论,拨开纷繁犯罪学理论的重重迷雾,明确犯罪的国家责任存在性。其次,通过对犯罪的国家责任概念、内涵、分类的界定,责任承担的形式和承担的主体的论述及理论依据的对照阐述,架构起犯罪的国家责任理论,明确确立犯罪的国家责任理论的必要性和正当性。最后,在确认当下犯罪的国家责任的现实缺失后,本文从国家的责任观念、对个体的保护、弥补、矫正等责任、对社会的责任等方面提出了完善犯罪国家责任的方向,对理性的控制、预防、减少犯罪的对策进行了探讨,认为要强化责任意识,更新思想观念,建立犯罪预防评估体系作为各级政府的政绩考量,从而实现犯罪的国家责任观念的归位;强调国家出于人文关怀,实现刑罚目的转变,通过具体制度机制的完善确立我国犯罪的国家责任;主张加大对犯罪预防控制的投入,从各个层面不断完善我国的社会公共政策,从而实现犯罪学研究控制、减少犯罪现象之目标。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of criminology, this paper divides into three parts to carry out theoretical research and practical consideration on state responsibility for crime. Based on the long-lasting game relationship between criminology and crime, this paper puts forward the proposition that the national factors play a decisive role in the criminal relationship and the criminal phenomenon. Considering that the neglect and neglect of the national factor is a major deficiency in the study of criminology, it is precisely the evasion and slacking of the duty of the state to prevent and control crimes that affect the play of the country's due role and function. Causes the human to the crime phenomenon prevention control powerless or the effect is not good. First of all, based on the basic theory of state power, duty, civil rights and other basic theories of law, this paper takes the national factors in criminal relations as the research path, clears the fog of numerous criminological theories, and clarifies the existence of the state responsibility of crime. Secondly, through the definition of the concept, connotation, classification, the form and the subject of the responsibility of the crime, and the comparison of the theoretical basis, the thesis constructs the theory of the state responsibility of the crime. The necessity and legitimacy of establishing the theory of state responsibility of crime. Finally, after confirming the reality of the current state responsibility of crime, this paper puts forward the direction of perfecting the state responsibility of crime from the concept of national responsibility, the responsibility of individual protection, compensation, correction, social responsibility and so on. This paper probes into the countermeasures of rational control, prevention and reduction of crime, and holds that it is necessary to strengthen the sense of responsibility, renew the concept of thought, and establish a system of crime prevention and evaluation as the consideration of the achievements of governments at all levels. In order to achieve the return of the concept of national responsibility of crime; emphasize that the state, out of humanistic concern, realize the change of the purpose of punishment, establish the national responsibility of crime in our country through the perfection of specific system and mechanism; and advocate to increase the investment in crime prevention and control. In order to realize the research and control of criminology and reduce the phenomenon of crime, the social public policy of our country is improved continuously from various levels.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D917

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