台湾地区有组织犯罪与对策研究

发布时间：2018-05-13 09:19

本文选题：有组织犯罪 + 犯罪组织　；参考：《中国政法大学》2005年博士论文

【摘要】：台湾地区目前之有组织犯罪,集团化、帮派化甚至组织化的趋向已日益明显。黑道帮派以组织化的型态,介入各行各业经营,更积极介入政治,导致「黑金政治」成为目前最严重的政治问题。台湾地区黑道的演进如同国外黑道之发展模式,先由流氓演变至帮派,最后发展至有组织犯罪。随着社会、政治、经济快速变迁,使得近年来的黑道活动型态呈现多样化与成长化。因此,本研究藉由探究台湾地区有组织犯罪的背景与原因,并借镜世界各国组织犯罪状况与法制,最后针对台湾地区之有组织犯罪现象提出妥适对策与观点,包括法制面、执行面与政策面各方面的探讨,企图在众多现有组织犯罪的理论中,整理并发展出适合台湾地区情况与需求之理论。期望透过对有组织犯罪现象的回顾与现行法制面与执行面的检讨,对立法、执法机关未来方向之厘清与有组织犯罪防制工作有所帮助。研究方法主要采用文献资料分析法,运用科学方法,进行台湾地区有组织犯罪现象的本土性实证研究。采用比较分析与官方统计资料分析法,针对台湾地区有组织犯罪进行基础研究,即透过文献资料的搜集、整理、探讨、分析、整合并建构全面性抗制有组织犯罪之策略,提供政府发展有组织犯罪对抗机制之参研。本研究对于台湾地区防制有组织犯罪提出适切的对策。在预防与控制有组织犯罪方面,过去四十年来,台湾一系列的执行扫黑行动,成果虽令人激赏,但有组织犯罪仍不断孳长。因此,在预防与控制的实务操作上若能采取直接取缔与预防措施的双轨并行的方式,从源头肃清与从下游打击同时并进,方能有效控制有组织犯罪;在法制面对策上,台湾近年来已陆续完成「检肃流氓条例」与「组织犯罪防制条例」,并完成相关防制法律的建置,如「证人保护法」、「通讯保障及监察法」、「洗钱防制法」、「毒品危害防制法」以及「枪炮弹药刀械管制条例」与「犯罪被害人保护法」等,这些努力使台湾法制面的防护网更趋完整。在执行面对策方面,提出几点对策:第一,相关法律必须再加以检讨修订,使法制更加完备;第二,台湾与大陆应加强交流合作打击有组织犯罪;第三,鉴于世界恐怖活动日趋活跃,应积极立法规范预防与处理相关制度。第四,有组织犯罪的国际化与跨疆界使得加强合作查缉跨国或跨境有组织犯罪成为必要的作法。除了以上四点,执行上尚须注意非法入境及海上犯罪问题,如走私枪枝、弹药、刀械与运毒,洗钱等,寻求全面性的犯罪防制。
[Abstract]:The trend of organized crime, collectivization, gangs and even organization in Taiwan is becoming more and more obvious. The "black gold politics" has become the most serious political problem at present because of the organized form of the black gangs, their involvement in various industries and their more active involvement in politics. The evolution of the mafia in Taiwan is like the development mode of the foreign mafia, from hooligan to gang, and finally to organized crime. With the rapid changes of society, politics and economy, the forms of mafia activities in recent years have diversified and grown. Therefore, by exploring the background and causes of organized crime in Taiwan, and learning from the situation and legal system of organized crime in various countries in the world, this study finally puts forward appropriate countermeasures and viewpoints on organized crime in Taiwan, including the legal aspect. The discussion of executive and policy aspects attempts to collate and develop a theory suitable for the situation and needs of Taiwan in many existing theories of organized crime. It is expected that the review of the organized crime phenomenon and the review of the current legal system and enforcement aspects will help to clarify the future direction of the legislation and the law enforcement agencies and to prevent and control organized crime. The research methods mainly use literature analysis and scientific methods to carry out local empirical research on organized crime in Taiwan. By means of comparative analysis and official statistical analysis, the basic research on organized crime in Taiwan is carried out, that is, through the collection, collation, discussion, analysis, integration and construction of a comprehensive strategy against organized crime. To provide the government with the opportunity to develop a mechanism to combat organized crime. This study provides appropriate countermeasures for the prevention and control of organized crime in Taiwan. In the area of prevention and control of organized crime, in the past 40 years, Taiwan has carried out a series of anti-triad operations, the results of which have been admirable, but organized crime has continued to grow. Therefore, in the practical operation of prevention and control, we can effectively control organized crime if we can adopt a two-track parallel approach of direct banning and preventive measures, and eliminate the source and strike at the same time from the downstream, so that we can effectively control organized crime. In recent years, Taiwan has completed one after another the "regulations on the suppression of hooligans" and the "Prevention of organized Crime Ordinance," and has completed the establishment of related prevention laws, such as the Witness Protection Law, the Communications Protection and Supervision Act, and the money laundering Prevention Act. The Drug harm Prevention Law, the regulations on the Control of Guns and ammunition, and the Law on the Protection of victims of Crime, etc., all these efforts have made Taiwan's legal protection net more complete. In the implementation of the policy, several countermeasures are put forward: first, the relevant laws must be further reviewed and amended to make the legal system more complete; second, Taiwan and the mainland should strengthen exchanges and cooperation to combat organized crime; and thirdly, In view of the increasing activity of terrorism in the world, we should legislate actively to standardize the system of prevention and treatment. Fourth, the internationalization and cross-border nature of organized crime make it necessary to strengthen cooperation in the detection of transnational or cross-border organized crime. In addition to the above four points, we should also pay attention to the problems of illegal immigration and maritime crimes, such as smuggling guns, ammunition, knives, weapons and drugs, money laundering and so on, and seek comprehensive crime prevention and control.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：D917

【引证文献】