激情犯和累惯犯暴力态度的比较研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 03:05

本文选题：激情犯 + 累惯犯　；参考：《第四军医大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 二十世纪末,联合国预防和控制犯罪委员会全球犯罪调查显示,世界各国平均犯罪率呈持续增长之势,人群中犯罪率为6.2‰,暴力犯罪占3.0‰。2000年以来,我国犯罪率以每年大约18%-20%的速率增长,其中1/3为暴力犯罪,而激情犯罪又占暴力犯罪的1/3。为保障社会稳定和谐,预防犯罪再度成为学者关注的问题,其核心是研究暴力行为的发生机制和相关因素,旨在预测暴力行为。暴力行为的产生必然要受到各种相关心理因素,如需要、动机、兴趣、爱好、价值观、态度、自我意识等影响,其中,态度是影响暴力行为发生的重要因素之一,因此,在有关暴力行为的研究中,罪犯暴力态度渐渐成为研究工作的热点。但是,仅仅研究暴力态度的外显结构对于我们更详尽地了解暴力行为,并对其进行有效预测收效甚微,必须进一步探讨暴力态度的内隐结构。1998年,间接测量方法的提出及应用为测量内隐暴力态度提供了可能。在暴力外显态度研究的基础上结合暴力内隐态度的研究,可以使我们更加全面的认识暴力行为,为预防犯罪提供有力依据。本研究试图通过直接测量与间接测量两种方法对激情犯和累惯犯的外显和内隐暴力态度进行比较研究,探讨激情犯和累惯犯外显和内隐暴力态度特点及预测特征,为暴力犯罪的预防提供依据。研究内容包括:(1)通过不同实验材料的内隐联想测验(IAT)和态度启动模式(AAP)的比较,筛选相对灵敏的内隐暴力态度实验范式;(2)采用犯罪预防版中国士兵人格问卷(CSPQPC)和内隐暴力态度实验测量在押激情犯和累惯犯的外显暴力态度和内隐暴力态度,比较分析激情犯和累惯犯外显和内隐暴力态度特点及预测特征。本研究的主要结论如下: 1. IAT实验范式的筛选变量为不同类型的实验材料,发现词语IAT和词图IAT都会产生IAT效应,证实存在内隐暴力态度,但是词语IAT对被试有干扰,IAT效应略弱于词图IAT效应,最终选择词图IAT做为测量内隐暴力态度是否存在的实验范式;AAP实验范式的筛选变量为不同类型实验材料和不同实验参数(SOA),词语IAT虽已证实存在内隐暴力态度,但是词语AAP不足以自动激活这一态度,未产生启动效应;而图片AAP却产生了显著的启动效应。另外,与SOA为500ms时相比,300ms的启动效应略强,综合这两个结果,最终选择SOA为300ms的图片AAP为测量内隐暴力态度强度的最优实验范式。 2.采用CSPQPC测量在押激情犯和暴力型累惯犯的外显暴力态度,用筛选出的词图IAT和图片AAP测量内隐暴力态度,将数据处理后,发现激情犯和累惯犯都未产生IAT效应和启动效应,同时发现部分激情犯和累惯犯的内隐暴力态度出现了反转,根据是否发生反转,分为激情犯未反转组,激情犯反转组,累惯犯未反转组和累惯犯反转组,这四个组都产生了显著的IAT和启动效应;分别分析了这4个组的CSPQPC中冲动倾向的分值和访谈的结果:激情犯未反转组,累惯犯未反转组和累惯犯反转组的的暴力维度的分值都高于常模,并与之有显著差异,而激情犯反转组暴力维度分值与常模无差异。之后做外显态度和内隐态度的相关:4个组的外显和内隐暴力态度都出现了分离。可见无论是激情犯还是暴力型累惯犯,虽然他们最终都会实施暴力行为,但是对暴力的态度却并不一致,暴力态度对暴力行为的影响程度也是不同的,如果不了解罪犯的暴力态度,对所有罪犯都采用相同的管理方式,在预防犯罪中并非是一个有效的手段。
[Abstract]:At the end of twentieth Century, the global crime survey of the United Nations Commission on crime prevention and control showed that the average crime rate in the world was growing continuously, the crime rate in the crowd was 6.2 per thousand and the violent crime accounted for 3 per thousand.2000 years, and the rate of crime in our country grew at a rate of about 18%-20% a year, of which 1/3 was a violent crime, and the passion for crime also accounted for violence. The 1/3. of the crime is to ensure social stability and harmony, and the prevention of crime has become an issue of concern for scholars. Its core is to study the mechanism and related factors of violence and to predict violence. The emergence of violence must be subject to various psychological factors, such as needs, motivation, interest, hobbies, values, attitudes, self consciousness, etc. Among them, attitude is one of the important factors that affect the occurrence of violence. Therefore, in the study of violence, the attitude of criminal violence has gradually become a hot spot in the research work. However, only the explicit structure of the study of violent attitude will give us a more detailed understanding of the violence and the effective prediction of the violence. Further exploring the implicit structure of violent attitude for.1998 years, the proposal and application of indirect measurement provide the possibility to measure the implicit violence attitude. On the basis of the study of violent and explicit attitude, the study of the implicit attitude of violence can make us more fully aware of the violence and provide a powerful basis for the prevention of crime.
The purpose of this study is to compare the explicit and implicit violent attitudes of passionate and tired offenders with two methods of direct measurement and indirect measurement, to explore the characteristics and predictive features of the explicit and implicit violence of passionate and tired offenders, and to provide a basis for the prevention of violent crime. (1) through the inside of different experimental materials In comparison with the implicit association test (IAT) and the attitude start model (AAP), the relatively sensitive experimental paradigm of implicit violence was screened. (2) the violent attitude and implicit violence attitude of passionate and tired offenders were measured by the crime prevention version of the Chinese Soldier Personality Questionnaire (CSPQPC) and the implicit violence attitude experiment, and the passion and fatigue were compared and analyzed. The characteristics and prediction characteristics of explicit and implicit violent attitudes.
The main conclusions of this study are as follows:
The screening variables of 1. IAT experimental paradigm are different types of experimental materials. It is found that word IAT and word map IAT all have IAT effect, which proves that there is implicit violence, but the word IAT is interfering with the subjects, IAT effect is slightly weaker than the word map IAT effect, and the final choice of word graph IAT as an experimental paradigm for measuring the existence of implicit violence attitude; AAP real. The screening variables of the experimental paradigm are different types of experimental materials and different experimental parameters (SOA), while the word IAT has proved that there is implicit violence, but the word AAP is not sufficient to automatically activate this attitude and does not produce the starting effect; while the picture AAP has a significant starting effect. In addition, compared with SOA as 500ms, the starting effect of 300ms is slightly stronger, Combining these two results, we finally choose the picture AAP of SOA for 300ms as the best experimental paradigm to measure the intensity of implicit violent attitude.
2. the CSPQPC was used to measure the violent attitude of the passionate and violent offenders, and the implicit violence attitude was measured by the selected word map IAT and the picture AAP. After processing the data, it was found that both the passion and the tired habitual offenders did not produce the IAT effect and the starting effect, and the implicit violence attitude of some passionate and tired offenders had been reversed, According to the reversal, the four groups were divided into the unreversed group of passion offender, the reversal group of the passion offender, the unreversed group of tired habitual offenders and the reversal group of the tired habitual offenders. All the four groups produced significant effects, and analyzed the scores of impulsive tendencies in the 4 groups and the results of interviews, respectively: the unreversed group of passion, the unreversed group of tired recidivism and the recidivism. The scores of violent dimensions in the reverse group were all higher than those of the norm, and there was a significant difference between the two groups, and there was no difference between the violent dimension and the norm. After that, there was a correlation between explicit and implicit attitudes: both explicit and implicit violence in the 4 groups were separated. Violence will eventually be carried out, but the attitude of violence is not consistent, and the impact of violence on violence is different. If we do not understand the violent attitude of the criminals and adopt the same way of managing all the criminals, it is not an effective means to prevent the crime.
【学位授予单位】：第四军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D917

【引证文献】