罪犯群体冲动性决策行为的实验研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 10:34

本文选题：暴力型罪犯 + 毒品型罪犯　；参考：《云南师范大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 大量犯罪学、经济学以及心理学的研究表明,冲动性行为决策是罪犯的核心特征。目前有关人类冲动性行为决策的研究已形成了基于躯体标记假设的赌博实验范式(Iowa Gambling Task, IGT)和基于行为经济学的延迟折扣实验范式(Delay Discounting Task, DDT)两种研究取向。然而,很少有研究基于这两种范式考察罪犯的冲动性行为决策模式。本研究采用跨范式的研究策略,考察了暴力型罪犯和毒品型罪犯对风险决策及延迟强化的反应模式,对于探索暴力型罪犯和毒品型罪犯行为冲动性的结构特征具有重要的理论意义。同时,本研究对于完善和发展罪犯冲动性行为决策的实验室评定指标,指导针对该类人群的临床治疗及实践也具有显著的实际应用价值。本研究包括两个实验,分别考察了暴力型罪犯和毒品型罪犯的风险决策情境和延迟强化情境中的冲动性行为反应模式。研究获得以下主要结论： (1)暴力组和毒品组被试在收益-风险并存情境中的决策功能缺失主要表现为“即时收益优先”的选择模式及对风险的耐受性特征,并由此导致了其不良的决策绩效及决策策略改变缓慢等决策后果； (2)暴力组和毒品组被试在延迟强化情境中存在决策功能缺失,主要表现为对即时奖赏的超敏感性及对延迟价值的非敏感性,导致其对长远价值的快速折扣； (3)在延迟强化情境中,相对于正常人群,暴力组和毒品组被试对延迟强化物的折扣速度更快,其对金钱延迟强化更不能等待,但暴力组被试折扣速度最快,毒品组被试次之；
[Abstract]:A large number of criminological, economic and psychological studies show that impulsive behavior decision-making is the core feature of criminals. At present, the research on human impulsive behavior decision has formed two research orientations: Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) based on somatic markers hypothesis and delay discounting Task (DDT) paradigm based on behavioral economics. However, few studies based on these two paradigms are used to investigate the impulsive behavior decision patterns of criminals. In this study, a cross-paradigm approach was used to investigate the response patterns of violent and drug-type criminals to risk decision making and delayed reinforcement. It is of great theoretical significance to explore the structural characteristics of violent criminals and drug criminals. At the same time, this study has significant practical application value for perfecting and developing the laboratory evaluation index of criminal impulsive behavior decision and guiding the clinical treatment and practice for this kind of people. Two experiments were conducted to investigate the risk decision-making and impulsive behavior patterns of violent criminals and drug offenders respectively. The main conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) the lack of decision-making function of the subjects in both the violence group and the drug group in the revenue-risk co-existing situation is mainly manifested in the "immediate benefit first" choice pattern and the tolerance to risk. As a result, the poor decision performance and the slow change of decision-making strategies resulted in the decision consequences. (2) there was a lack of decision-making function in the delayed reinforcement situation of the subjects in the violence group and the drug group. It is mainly shown by its hypersensitivity to instant reward and its insensitivity to delayed value, which leads to rapid discounting of long-term value. (3) in delayed reinforcement situation, compared with the normal population, The discount rate of delayed fortification was faster in the violence group and drug group, but the discount speed was the fastest in the violence group, followed by the drug group.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D917

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