国内城市空间环境与犯罪关系研究评析

  本文关键词：国内城市空间环境与犯罪关系研究评析，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

人文地理

文章编号：1003-2398（2010）03-0041-06

2010年第3期总第113期

国内城市空间环境与犯罪关系研究评析

毛媛媛，戴慎志，沈志联

（同济大学建筑与城市规划学院城市规划系，上海200092）

AREVIEWOFSTUDIESONTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENENVIRONMENT

ANDCRIMEINCHINA

MAOYuan-yuan,DAIShen-zhi,SHENZhi-lian

(DepartmentofUrbanPlanning,SchoolofArchitectureandUrbanPlanning,

TongjiUniversity,Shanghai200092,China)

Abstract:Urbancrimeisoneofthemostimportantissuesaffectingpeople'slife.Therelationshipbetweenphysicalenvironmentandurbancrimeintereststheresearchersofthedisciplineslikecriminology,geography,urbanplanningandarchitecture.Thispaperreviews83papersofthepast23yearsinChina.Thepapercon-sistsoffourparts.Thefirstpartisabriefintroductiontothispaper.Inthesecondpart,thesourcesofthesepapersareintroduced.Thisisfollowedbyanintroductiontothewaysthesepapersarecategorized,especiallybydisciplineandstudytype.Inthethirdpart,theauthorsanalyzethequantityofresearchesofeveryyearwhichappearsanascendingtrendespeciallyinthepasteightyears.Thedistributionoftheresearchesindif-ferentdisciplinesisthatthepapersoftheurbanplanningaccountfor38percent,thepapersofcriminologyoccupy28percent,thepapersofgeographyoccupy22percentandthepapersofarchitectureoccupy12per-cent.Theanalysisonstudytypesindicatesthat17percentoftheresearchesareempiricalstudiesconductedinthecitiesofChina.Theremainingoftheliteraturesaremainlythereviewsoftheoriesand/orapplicationso-verseas,andpolicysuggestionsarenotbasedonanybasicorempiricalstudies.Inthefourthpart,allthepa-persaredividedintothreegroupsaccordingtotheircontent,includingthespatialdistributionofcrimesinur-banareas,therelationshipbetweenurbanenvironmentandcriminalbehaviors,andthepreventionofcrimethroughurbanenvironmentplanninganddesign.Theanalysisofthefirstgroupindicatesthatempiricalstud-iesarescarceandmostofthestudiesfocusedonthemacrolevelsofacityorcountryinsteadofthemicrolev-elofurbanenvironments.Bothcomprehensivefactorsinmacrourbanareasandconcretefactorsindifferenttypesofmicrourbanenvironments,suchasresidents,parksandindustryareasareinvolvedinthesecondgroupofstudies.TheanalysisonthethirdgroupindicatesthatCPTEDisthebasictheoryofthestudies.Al-thoughthistheoryisintroducedtwentyyearsagointoChina,fewurbanplanningordesigningprojectshavebeenconductedbasedonit.Inthelastpart,theauthorsalsoputforwardsomesuggestionsforthefuturere-searches.

Keywords:space;environments;crimes;urbanplanning

提要：首先统计分析1980年代以来中国知网、维普以及万方三大数据库中我国城市空间环境与犯罪关系研究的文献数量和研究进展。进而基于城市规划的视角，将文献分为“犯罪空间分布研究－犯罪与空间环境关系研究－空间环境设计预防犯罪对策研究”三个方面进行评析，指出当前国内研究多为对国外理论或实践的介绍，实证研究匮乏，加之针对我国城市环

作者简介：毛媛媛（1974—），女，江苏新沂人，博士研究生，研究方向为城市规划与设计、城市安全。E-mail:maomaoxzh@。收稿日期：2009-01-16；修订日期：2009-06-30

境与犯罪关系的研究系统性欠缺，各环节研究存在脱节现象，导致提出的环境设计预防对策缺乏可操作性。最后指出国内这一研究领域存在的问题及未来有待发展的方向。

关键词：空间；环境；犯罪；城市规划中图分类号：C912.8

文献标识码：A

HUMANGEOGRAPHYVol.25.No.32010/6

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  本文关键词：国内城市空间环境与犯罪关系研究评析，，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。