警务危机与媒体关系之研究

发布时间：2018-07-24 09:59

【摘要】： 任何组织都会面临危机,就像人类面临死亡一样不可避免。公安机关,作为政府一支重要的执法力量,同样也会面临危机,警务危机是社会公共危机的一种。我国公安机关面临的警务危机大体分为两种类型,一是突发公共安全事件处置过程中产生的警务危机,二是队伍管理失当带来的警察形象的危机。从上述两种警务危机的发生概率、危害程度来分析,我国因突发公共安全事件而产生的警务危机,要远多于公安机关因队伍管理失当产生的警察形象危机,而且因警察执法不当产生的警务危机案例,多数发生与公安机关处置突发公共事件失当密切相关。媒体一般是指报纸、杂志、电视、广播、互联网等向公众传播信息的各种媒介或载体。当今时代,媒体正在以前所未有的优势,多角度、全方位地辐射着我们的社会生活。近年来,随着我国民主化对法制化进程的不断深入,媒体对公安机关的执法活动越来越加以关注,既有正面的宣传报道,也有负面的批评报道,特别是当有的警察组织对一些突发事件处置不当、群体性事件处置不妥、危机信息公布不及时以及警察组织出现违纪违法行为等,部分媒体会将矛头直接对准警方,从而导致警务危机事件的不断发生。其实警方与媒体是谁也离不开谁——警方丰富的新闻资源是各家媒体竞相挖掘的富矿,警方与社会和公众关系密切,我们的工作需要让外界了解,同样警方也渴望媒体的正面关注。警方应在了解、熟悉媒体的特性和功能基础上,充分发挥媒体在警务危机传播中的积极作用,减少消极影响。新闻媒体对警务危机的报道应当坚持真实性、客观性,媒体的舆论监督作用的最终目的是促使危机妥善处置,如果一味片面追求轰动效应,为批评而批评,为揭露而揭露,往往会增加危机处置的困难。既然警方与媒体在警务危机中相互依存,那么寻求一种良性、互动的和谐合作方式便成为了双方共同的任务。警方新闻发言人制度就是警方与媒体在面对危机时良性互动的一个有效举措,体现了警方对公众知情权的尊重,通过发挥桥梁、纽带作用,在不断增强与媒体的协作、了解的过程中,借助媒体发布危机的有效正面信息,不断提升警务危机新闻发布活动的传播效果,密切与媒体的关系,从而争取公众对警方工作的支持,力求警方和媒体达到双赢局面。因此,作为警务危机的当事人——警察组织应该清醒地认识到目前警务危机传播与管理中存在的不足及缺陷,从组织自身出发认识危机,规范和强化危机传播与管理过程中的努力方向、发展趋势,真正有效地通过警方自身行为来化解警务危机,这已经成为当前一个迫切需要解决的全新课题,值得警方认真加以思考。
[Abstract]:Any organization faces a crisis, just as human beings face death. The public security organ, as an important law enforcement force of the government, will also face the crisis, and the police crisis is one kind of the social public crisis. The police crisis faced by our country's public security organs can be divided into two types: one is the police crisis in the process of dealing with public security incidents, the other is the crisis of the police image caused by the mismanagement of the team. Analyzing from the probability and harm degree of the above two kinds of police affairs crisis, the police crisis caused by the sudden public security events in our country is far more than the police image crisis caused by the mismanagement of the police force in the public security organs. Moreover, most of the police crisis cases caused by improper law enforcement by the police are closely related to the mishandling of public emergencies by the public security organs. Media generally refers to newspapers, magazines, television, radio, the Internet and other media or carriers of information to the public. Nowadays, the media is radiating our social life with unprecedented advantages, various angles and all-directions. In recent years, with the deepening of the democratization of our country in the process of legalization, the media have paid more and more attention to the law enforcement activities of public security organs, both positive propaganda and negative criticism. In particular, when some police organizations improperly handle some unexpected incidents, mishandle group incidents, publish crisis information in a timely manner, and police organizations violate discipline and law, some media will directly target the police. As a result, the police crisis events continue to occur. In fact, no one can leave the police and the media. The rich news resources of the police are the rich mines that various media are racing to dig. The police are closely related to the society and the public. Our work needs to be understood by the outside world. The police also crave positive media attention. On the basis of understanding and knowing the characteristics and functions of the media, the police should give full play to the positive role of the media in the communication of police crisis and reduce the negative influence. The news media should insist on authenticity, objectivity, and the ultimate purpose of the media's supervisory role of public opinion is to promote the proper handling of the crisis. If the media blindly pursues sensationalism, criticizes for criticism and exposes for the sake of disclosure, It often makes it more difficult to deal with a crisis. Since the police and the media depend on each other in the police crisis, it becomes a common task for both sides to seek a benign and interactive way of harmonious cooperation. The police press spokesman system is an effective measure of benign interaction between the police and the media in the face of a crisis. It reflects the police's respect for the public's right to know, and through playing a role as a bridge and a link, it is constantly enhancing its collaboration with the media. In the process of understanding, with the help of effective positive information on the crisis released by the media, the communication effect of the press release activities on the police crisis has been continuously improved, and the relationship with the media has been close, thus winning the public's support for the work of the police. Strive for a win-win situation between the police and the media. Therefore, as the parties to the police crisis, the police organization should soberly realize the shortcomings and defects in the dissemination and management of the current police crisis, and recognize the crisis from the perspective of the organization itself. Standardizing and strengthening the direction and development trend of the crisis communication and management process, truly and effectively resolving the police crisis through the police's own behavior, has become a new issue that needs to be solved urgently. The police are worthy of serious consideration.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D035.3

【引证文献】