社会转型期中国洗钱犯罪的侦查对策研究

发布时间：2019-05-19 19:13

【摘要】：改革开放以来，我国的经济、社会发展日新月异，在综合国力大大增强，人民物质文化生活水平明显提高的同时一些新的犯罪诱因出现了，贩毒走私、黑社会性质犯罪死灰复燃，犯罪的有组织化程度有很大提高，国外犯罪组织加强渗透，从而导致了新型犯罪——洗钱犯罪的出现，并呈现蔓延之势。因此，笔者在对洗钱犯罪的源起进行一定研究后认为，洗钱犯罪的侦查是具有必要性的。同时，，笔者对当前国际社会对洗钱犯罪的各种立法进行了一定的总结，并特别根据中国国情分析了中国有关洗钱犯罪的立法方面的缺乏和不足，指出中国洗钱犯罪侦查研究也是具有可行性的。随后，笔者从主观和客观两方面分析了洗钱犯罪的原因，为分析洗钱犯罪的现状和特点奠定了一定的伏笔。洗钱需要经过3个主要阶段，即放置阶段(placement)、离析阶段(layering)与归并阶段(integration)；洗钱的途径即通过金融机构洗钱，通过非金融机构洗钱，通过地下钱庄洗钱以及其他洗钱犯罪方式。笔者认为，洗钱犯罪已成为国际公害，破坏社会政治、经济秩序，严重危害国家公共安全。国际社会洗钱犯罪猖獗，中国境内洗钱犯罪更加有扩大之势。为此，笔者在搜集资料、调查走访的基础上归纳了中国境内的多种洗钱方式，根据涉及人员的不同层次和级别将其分为三大类：公职人员的洗钱犯罪方式，国内企业洗钱犯罪的主要方式以及民间洗钱犯罪的主要方式，共计13种洗钱方式。在细述了国内目前存在的三大类，十三种洗钱途径的存在现状后，运用综合分析的方法，指出了国内洗钱犯罪的特点，即既具备国际社会洗钱犯罪的五大特点外，还具有中国特色的两大洗钱犯罪特点——“职务犯罪是洗钱犯罪的重要基础”和“存取、转运、藏匿大额现钞是洗钱的重要渠道”。在详细叙述中国境内洗钱犯罪的现状，准确指出中国洗钱犯罪的特点后，结合当前中国正处于社会转型期的特殊情况，从政治、文化、社会基础等四方面对国内出现洗钱犯罪的原因进行了综合分析，明确了中国境内洗钱犯罪出现的基础性根源、政治因素、文化因素以及重要原因。根据我国洗钱犯罪活动及刑事立法现状，从七个方面(即：观念陈旧，现金管理松懈，反洗钱工作职责不明，洗钱犯罪侦查人才缺乏，现代科技发展，跨国洗钱活动加剧以及侦查工作的科技性、系统性、艰巨性和长期
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economic and social development has changed with each passing day. While the comprehensive national strength has been greatly enhanced and the material and cultural living standards of the people have significantly improved, some new criminal inducements have emerged, drug trafficking and smuggling. The crime of underworld nature has revived, the organized degree of crime has been greatly improved, and the foreign criminal organizations have strengthened their infiltration, which has led to the emergence of a new type of crime, money laundering crime, and has shown a trend of spread. Therefore, after a certain study on the origin of money laundering crime, the author believes that the investigation of money laundering crime is necessary. At the same time, the author makes a certain summary of the various legislation of the international community on the crime of money laundering, and analyzes the lack and deficiency of the legislation on the crime of money laundering in China according to the national conditions of China. It is pointed out that it is also feasible to study the investigation of money laundering crime in China. Then, the author analyzes the causes of money laundering crime from subjective and objective aspects, which lays a certain foreshadowing for the analysis of the present situation and characteristics of money laundering crime. Money laundering needs to go through three main stages, namely, the placement stage (placement), segregation stage (layering) and the merging stage (integration); The way of money laundering is money laundering through financial institutions, money laundering through non-financial institutions, money laundering through underground banks and other money laundering crimes. The author believes that the crime of money laundering has become an international public hazard, destroying the social, political and economic order, and seriously endangering the national public safety. The crime of money laundering is rampant in the international community, and the crime of money laundering in China is becoming more and more extensive. Therefore, on the basis of collecting data and investigating and visiting, the author sums up a variety of money laundering methods in China, and divides them into three categories according to the different levels and levels of the personnel involved: the crime of money laundering of public officials. There are 13 kinds of money laundering in domestic enterprises, including the main ways of money laundering in domestic enterprises and the main ways of private money laundering. After detailing the three categories of money laundering in China and the present situation of thirteen ways of money laundering, this paper points out the characteristics of the crime of domestic money laundering by using the method of comprehensive analysis, that is, it has the five characteristics of the crime of money laundering in the international community. There are also two characteristics of money laundering crime with Chinese characteristics-"duty crime is an important basis of money laundering crime" and "access, transit and concealment of large banknotes are important channels for money laundering". After describing in detail the present situation of money laundering crime in China and accurately pointing out the characteristics of money laundering crime in China, combined with the special situation that China is in the period of social transformation, from politics and culture, This paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the causes of money laundering crime in China from four aspects, such as social foundation, and clarifies the basic causes, political factors, cultural factors and important reasons of money laundering crime in China. According to the present situation of money laundering crime and criminal legislation in our country, from seven aspects (that is, outdated concept, lax cash management, unknown responsibility of anti-money laundering work, lack of investigation talents of money laundering crime, development of modern science and technology), The intensification of transnational money laundering and the scientific, systematic, arduous and long-term investigation work
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：D918

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