基层政府民意吸纳途径研究

发布时间：2018-01-09 14:25

本文关键词：基层政府民意吸纳途径研究　出处：《中央民族大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：参与式民主在中国社会转型新时期的实践是当前社会研究的热点,与代议制民主相比,参与式民主更加重视公民对公共事务治理的直接参与,尤其是在公共政策领域的参与。民意吸纳作为聚合民意、了解民怨、缓解矛盾的重要渠道,可以直接有效的防止利益分配不公平现象的出现,减少不同社会阶层间对立与冲突的增加,缓解社会矛盾与冲突；同时帮助政府实现公共决策中的民意输入,促进公共政策的制定更加科学、合理、可行,提升政府权威和公共政策的合法性,增进公民对政府等公权力部门的认同。但是对民意吸纳的直接研究目前还比较少,目前的研究主要体现在民意表达渠道研究和民意搜集和整合研究两个方面。因此,本文的研究以民主的视角作为切入口,分析基层政府在社会转型特殊时期的民意吸纳渠道现状。通过实地调研发现基层政府民意吸纳存在“臣民思想”严重、民意吸纳不充分、民意吸纳渠道不畅通以及民意吸纳过程缺乏有效监督等问题,指出当前民意吸纳的特征并深入分析基层政府民意吸纳路径、政府意识、政府行为等方面存在弊端的阻滞因素,为完善基层政府民意吸纳途径,针对性的提出一些可行的对策。全文分为六个方面的内容：一是导论部分,提出了基层政府民意吸纳途径研究的背景及意义,梳理国内外研究现状,简单介绍本文的研究内容和研究方法。二是概念界定。首先清晰的界定了“民意”和“民意吸纳”两个概念；其次分析基层政府民意吸纳的构成要素和必要性,为下文开展实践研究提供理论基础。第三部分,从制度吸纳、组织吸纳和媒介吸纳三方面分析了基层政府现存的民意吸纳途径,并总结出现存民意吸纳路径的特征。第四部分,分析了我国基层政府民意吸纳存在的问题,并详细分析了导致该问题的阻滞因素。第五部分通过对英国和新加坡基层政府民意吸纳途径的分析研究,总结出值得我国采纳的经验借鉴。第六部分,从转变政府观念、增强民众意识,明确民意吸纳中的政府责任,基层政府民意吸纳的制度设计,三方面研究基层政府民意途径的完善。实现基层政府更好的吸纳民众意见,将公众意愿更好的纳入到公共政策的制定过程,实现基层政府与社会公众之间的良性互动。总之,笔者认为只有合理引导公众参与社会治理,构建科学多样的利益诉求平台和民意吸纳机制,才能更加有效的实现民意吸纳,化解民众纠纷,缓解社会矛盾,也才能更好的维护社会稳定,实现构建和谐社会的目标。
[Abstract]:Participate in the practice of democracy in the new period of social transformation China is the focus of current research, compared with representative democracy, participatory democracy pay more attention to the direct participation of citizens in public affairs, especially in the field of public policy participation. As public opinion, the public opinion absorption polymerization, understanding of grievances, an important channel to ease the contradiction, can appear direct and effective to prevent the unfair distribution of benefits phenomenon, reduce the contradiction and conflict between different social strata, alleviate social contradictions and conflicts; and help the government to realize public decision-making in the public input, promote the formulation of public policy more scientific, reasonable, feasible, enhance the legitimacy of government authority and public policy, promoting the citizen identity the government and other public power sector. But to direct public opinion to absorb is still relatively small, the current study is mainly reflected in the expression of public opinion. In terms of research and public opinion collection and integration of two. Therefore, this study in the perspective of the democracy as the entry point, analysis of local government transformation in special period of social public opinion situation. Through the investigation of absorption channels found to absorb local government opinion "subjects thought" serious, not fully absorb public opinion, the public opinion absorption channels public opinion and absorption of the lack of effective supervision and other issues, pointed out that the characteristics of the current public opinion absorption and in-depth analysis of the grass-roots government public opinion absorption path, government awareness, blocking factors has the disadvantages on the behavior of the government, to absorb the way for improving the grass-roots government public opinion, puts forward some feasible countermeasures. This paper is divided into six aspects: one is the introduction, put forward the background and significance of the study of the local government to absorb the way of public opinion, carding the research situation at home and abroad, this paper introduces the research The contents and methods of the study. Two. First is the definition of a clear definition of "public opinion" and "public opinion absorption" two concepts; secondly to absorb the grass-roots government public opinion constitutes the essential factor and the necessity, practical research provides a theoretical basis for the following development. The third part, from the system to absorb, three aspects of the grass-roots government the existing way of public opinion and media organizations to absorb absorb absorb, and summed up the characteristics of public opinion absorption path. In the fourth part, analysis of China's local government public opinion to absorb the existing problems, and analyzed the cause of blocking factors to the problem. The fifth part through the analysis of the way to absorb the grass-roots government public opinion in Britain and Singapore, summary the worth of our adoption experience. The sixth part, from the government to enhance public awareness, clear government responsibility in public opinion to absorb, absorb the grass-roots government public opinion Design of the system, improve the three aspects of the grass-roots government. Implementation of grass-roots government public opinion way to better absorb public opinion, the public will better into the public policy making process, realize the benign interaction between the government and the public. In short, I think only a reasonable guide public participation in social governance, constructing scientific and diverse interest the demands of public opinion platform and absorbing mechanism, can be more effective to achieve the public opinion absorption, defuse public disputes, alleviate social contradictions, but also to better safeguard social stability and achieve the goal of building a harmonious society.

【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D621.5;D630

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