当代我国大陆公民政治参与的变迁与类型学特点——基于2002与2011年两波全国抽样调查的分析

发布时间：2018-01-28 21:03

  本文关键词： 政治参与 接触型参与 沟通型参与 抗争型参与 以权力为中心的参与　出处：《政治学研究》2016年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在我国,竞争性普选的缺失使得代议式的间接参与面临困境,催生出民众更强的直接参与动力。我国公民在参与地方选举之外,有接触、沟通与抗争等行为选择,不同的参与类型之间呈现出明显的结构分化特点,即:在投票与选举之外,接触型行为水平较高,但沟通型和抗争型行为水平仍较低;不过,在近十年间,除沟通型参与大体保持稳定外,其他类型参与行为却有明显的变化,接触型和抗争型行为的参与者比例增长了一成以上。相对于其他国家与地区,当下我国大陆公民政治参与的内在结构更为复杂,尽管也存在明显的累积性结构,但在抗争活动与沟通活动之间却是一种平行式关系。人们更习惯于直接或间接地"找领导",而疏于"找人大代表",其参与行为具有依附主义的特点,乃是"以权力为中心"而非基于公民权利的参与,这显示了社会政治生活的人格化特征。抗争型参与的显著上升,也反映了现行参与体制和机制存在缺失。对我国社会政治体系的稳定运转,这无疑是重大的挑战。
[Abstract]:In our country, the lack of competitive universal suffrage makes the indirect participation of representative facing the dilemma, and gives birth to a stronger direct participation of the public. Our citizens in the participation in local elections, there is contact. There are obvious structural differentiation characteristics among different types of participation, such as communication and protest, that is, the level of contact behavior is higher than that of voting and election, but the level of communication and resistance is still low; However, in the past ten years, the other types of participation behavior have obviously changed, except that the communication type participation has remained stable in general. Compared with other countries and regions, the internal structure of civil political participation in mainland China is more complex, although there is an obvious cumulative structure. However, there is a parallel relationship between protest activities and communication activities. People are more accustomed to "seeking leadership" directly or indirectly, but not to "seeking deputies to the National people's Congress". It is "power as the center" rather than the participation based on civil rights, which shows the personalization of social and political life and the remarkable rise of protest participation. It also reflects the absence of the current system and mechanism of participation, which is undoubtedly a major challenge to the stable operation of our country's social and political system.
【作者单位】： 南京大学公共事务与地方治理研究中心;南京大学政府管理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重点项目“我国公民政治价值观的实证研究”(16AZZ003) 南京大学引进人才项目“中国公民政治文化与政治行为研究”的研究成果
【分类号】：D621.5
【正文快照】： 直至20世纪70年代,在与自由民主主义理论分离而形成新的政治参与理论之前,西方主流学界曾一度拒绝运用政治参与理论来研究社会主义国家,因为他们认为政治参与仅发生于多元主义的政治系统中(1)。依据西方传统的主流政治学理论,“政治参与”本身即随政治选举而来,其初始形式即指，

本文编号：1471560