德国国家认同与欧洲认同的融合及其成因探析

发布时间：2018-02-21 08:03

本文关键词： 德国认同欧洲认同欧洲一体化文化民族主义　出处：《外交学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自二战后欧洲一体化启动之初,德国为欧洲的统一与和平事业提供了许多公共产品。不同于传统一体化理论的阐释路径,德国国家认同与欧洲认同的对立特征并不十分明显,相反,二者在某种程度上呈现出融合特征。这种融合既反映于德国政府欧洲政策的连续性,同时也体现于德国国内对于欧洲认同的普遍舆论之中。德国之所以能够在一定程度上实现两种认同的融合,主要有两方面原因:一是,德国历史上三次构建民族国家却屡遭失败的经历使得其国家认同先天弱于其他欧洲国家,然而这却为二战后两种认同的融合提供了机会与可能性。19世纪末德国推行的文化民族主义国家构建路径与德国民主机制尚不健全的政治社会状况相结合,导致文化民族主义所带来的“文化自觉”被统治强人所利用,驱动极端意识形态发展,加剧了国家发展的断裂性,国家认同无法得到稳定的构建与维持。另一个原因是,二战的经历及对战败的反省促使德国在欧洲认同中寻求国家认同,从而为两种认同的融合奠定了基础。二战后德国奉行积极支持欧洲一体化的政策,意识到只有积极融入欧洲才能使德国更快地成为一个正常国家,更好地实现国家复兴。
[Abstract]:Since the beginning of European integration after World War II, Germany has provided many public goods for the cause of European unity and peace. On the contrary, there is a certain degree of convergence between the two, which is reflected in the continuity of the German government's European policy. At the same time, it is also reflected in the general public opinion on European identity in Germany. To a certain extent, Germany is able to achieve the integration of the two identities for two main reasons: first, Three times in the history of Germany, the experience of nation-state construction and repeated failures has led Germany to recognize that it is inherently weaker than other European countries. However, this provides an opportunity and possibility for the integration of the two identities after the second World War. The path of cultural nationalism pursued by Germany at the end of the 19th century was combined with the political and social conditions in which the democratic institutions of Germany were not yet perfect. The "cultural consciousness" brought about by cultural nationalism is used by the ruling strongmen, which drives the development of extreme ideology, exacerbates the fragmentation of national development, and the national identity cannot be steadily constructed and maintained. The experience of World War II and the introspection of defeat prompted Germany to seek national identity in the European identity, thus laying the foundation for the integration of the two identities. After World War II, Germany pursued a policy of active support for European integration. Realize that only active integration into Europe can make Germany a normal state and a better national renaissance.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D851.6;D814.1

【相似文献】