种姓制度对印度政党发展的影响

发布时间：2018-02-27 10:11

本文关键词： 种姓制度种姓政党议会民主多党竞争　出处：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：种姓制度作为印度特有的社会现象,深刻影响着印度社会心理和政治生活等方面,传统种姓制度作为一种等级制度,其与现代社会民主、平等的精神理念相违背。印度独立之后,随着社会分野和社会结构的变化,种姓群体政治意识觉醒,政治与种姓的结合产生了印度种姓政治化和政治种姓化,赋予种姓新的政治生命力,作为地方政党,种姓政党的崛起为种姓群体争取和维护自身权益提供了合法的手段。在印度多党竞争时期,种姓政党作为一支重要的力量,在多党联合政府中发挥着重要的作用,影响着多党联合政府的稳定和印度政党政治发展格局。随着经济和民主政治的发展,利益多元化和低种姓群体政治意识的觉醒,印度议会制度、选举制度、政党制度为种姓群体政治参与提供了制度保障。种姓群体纷纷组建种姓协会、种姓政党争取自身利益,种姓政党成为地方政党的重要组成部分。印度政党由国大党一党独大制逐渐发展到多党联盟政府时期,这其中有国大党、印度人民党自身的原因,种姓政党的崛起也对印度政党发展演变产生了重要影响。种姓政党的发展体现了印度政党发展的社会化和地方化趋势,种姓制度通过种姓认同凝聚种姓群体组建政党或支持代表自身利益的政党,种姓群体人数众多,极大地提高了印度民主政治参与,丰富了议会成员构成,在印度政党政治发展中发挥了重要作用。但种姓制度作为一种歧视制度,种姓与政治的结合,不利于种姓制度的消除,同时增加了高、低种姓群体之间的政治斗争,不利于政治和社会的稳定。
[Abstract]:As a unique social phenomenon in India, the caste system has a profound impact on the social psychology and political life of India. As a hierarchical system, the traditional caste system is associated with democracy in modern society. After India's independence, with the change of social division and social structure, the political consciousness of caste groups awoke, and the combination of politics and caste resulted in the politicization and political caste of Indian caste. Giving new political vitality to caste, as a local political party, the rise of caste political party provides legal means for caste groups to fight for and defend their own rights and interests. In the period of multi-party competition in India, caste party as an important force, Playing an important role in the multi-party coalition government, affecting the stability of the multi-party coalition government and the political development pattern of political parties in India. With the development of economy and democratic politics, the diversification of interests and the awakening of political consciousness of low caste groups, The Indian parliamentary system, the electoral system, and the political party system provide institutional safeguards for the political participation of caste groups. Caste groups form caste associations one after another, and caste parties strive for their own interests. Caste parties have become an important part of local political parties. Indian political parties have gradually developed from the Congress party one-party one-party system to the multi-party coalition government period. Among these are the reasons for the Congress Party and the Bharatiya Party itself. The rise of caste parties also had an important impact on the development and evolution of Indian political parties. The development of caste parties reflected the trend of socialization and localization of the development of political parties in India. The caste system combines caste groups to form political parties or support political parties representing their own interests through caste recognition. The large number of caste groups greatly enhances democratic political participation in India and enriches the composition of Parliament. It played an important role in the political development of political parties in India. But as a system of discrimination, the combination of caste and politics was not conducive to the elimination of the caste system, and at the same time increased the political struggle between high and low caste groups. It is not conducive to political and social stability.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D735.1

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