“六位一体”养老机构设计研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 10:39

本文关键词： 六位一体养老机构多代互助宗教空间康复医疗临终关怀精神需求　出处：《北京建筑大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国的养老模式当前以“居家养老”为主,“社会养老”为辅,但我国未富先老,随着高龄化、少子化、空巢化和“421”结构的持续加重,年轻人生活节奏加快和工作压力的增加,很多子女有心无力照顾老人,尤其老人到了需要被照护阶段,传统家庭养老已经不能让老人享受幸福晚年。社会养老会变得愈加重要,但现在的养老机构在数量和质量上,还远不能满足老年人的生理和心理需求。通过调查走访、文献查阅、心理访谈等方法,笔者从老年人对康复医疗和精神慰藉等需求出发,分析借鉴国内外优秀的养老案例,指出满足老人需求的养老机构需具备的主要功能并论证其必要性,最终得到新型养老机构的主要功能涵盖康复医疗、文化活动功能、多代互助体系、居住功能单元、宗教修行空间、餐饮商业设施等六大基本面,并分析其设计要点。最后以房山区养老院的设计为工程实例加以验证。本论文共有五大章,其主要内容如下:第一章绪论部分是对养老机构的研究背景、研究缘起进行叙述,概括性论述了国内外研究情况,并对研究对象、方法和意义进行诠释,并对相关概念进行阐述,以及“六位一体”养老综合体的内涵,最后根据论文研究的主要内容及逻辑结构,总结出论文结构框架图。第二章是从老年人对于康复医疗和精神慰藉等方面的需求出发,分析国外优秀养老案例,总结提炼其精华,针对是否适合我国养老借鉴,列举优点和不足,为了研究成果清晰可见,及方便互相对比,均以表格法呈现。同时分析研究国内外研究成果,得出新型养老院的功能设置的大致方向,进一步明确本文研究的重点。第三章对得出的新型养老院的功能设置论证其必要性。从老年人康复医疗、临终关怀等医疗护理需求及其他精神慰藉需求方面出发,对康复医疗、文化活动、多代互助体系、居住功能、宗教修行空间和餐饮商业设施等六大主要功能面进行研究,得出这些功能设置合理必要性同时提出对应设计要点;并对护理站及公共空间多功能化进行研究。第四章将论文的研究成果应用到实例中,指导房山区养老院的设计,进一步论证养老机构设计原则的合理性。第五章总结了本文研究的内容和方法,得到的研究成果和研究的创新点。
[Abstract]:At present, the mode of providing for the aged in our country is mainly "home old-age", "social old-age support" is supplementary, but our country is old before becoming rich. With the aging, minority children, empty nesting and "421" structure continuously increasing, the pace of life of young people is quickening and the pressure of work is increasing. Many children are unable to take care of the elderly, especially when the elderly need to be cared for, the traditional family old-age support can no longer allow the elderly to enjoy a happy old age. The social old-age care will become more and more important, but now the number and quality of the old-age care institutions are becoming more and more important. It is far from satisfying the physical and psychological needs of the elderly. Through the methods of investigation, literature review, psychological interview and so on, the author starts from the needs of the elderly, such as rehabilitative medical treatment and psychological comfort, and analyzes and draws lessons from the outstanding cases of the aged at home and abroad. This paper points out the main functions of the old-age institutions which meet the needs of the elderly and proves their necessity. Finally, the main functions of the new old-age institutions include rehabilitation and medical care, cultural activities, multi-generation mutual aid system, and residential function units. Six basic aspects, such as religious practice space, catering commercial facilities and so on, are analyzed. Finally, the design of the nursing home in Fangshan District is verified by an engineering example. There are five chapters in this paper. The main contents are as follows: the first chapter is the background of the research on the pension institutions, the origin of the study is described, a general description of the domestic and foreign research situation, and the research object, methods and significance of interpretation, And the related concepts, as well as the connotation of the "six in one" pension complex, and finally according to the main content and logical structure of the paper, The second chapter is based on the needs of the elderly for rehabilitation medical care and spiritual comfort, analysis of foreign excellent pension cases, summary of its essence, and whether it is suitable for our country to use for reference. Enumerating the advantages and disadvantages, in order to make the research results clear and easy to compare with each other, they are presented in a tabular way. At the same time, by analyzing and studying the domestic and foreign research results, we can get the general direction of the functional setting of the new nursing home. The third chapter demonstrates the necessity of the function setting of the new nursing home. From the aspects of the medical care needs of the elderly, hospice care and other mental comfort needs, the author analyzes the rehabilitation medical care. Cultural activities, multi-generation mutual aid system, living function, religious practice space and catering commercial facilities, six main functional aspects of the study, the reasonable necessity of these functions set up and put forward corresponding design points; In chapter 4th, the research results are applied to an example to guide the design of nursing home in Fangshan District. Chapter 5th summarizes the contents and methods of this paper, the research results and the innovation of the research.
【学位授予单位】：北京建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D669.6

【参考文献】