作为承认的宽容：南非种族冲突的挑战及其理论回应

发布时间：2018-02-27 22:40

本文关键词： 新南非种族问题宽容承认的政治作为承认的宽容　出处：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：20世纪末南非结束了三个世纪之久的种族隔离,实现了平稳的政治转型。在转型过程中,宽容与妥协的价值得以凸显。学界在南非民主转型的研究中,大多也是从宽容的理论视角解读政治斗争以及南非民主化转型的过程。笔者认为若讨论止步于此是不足的。南非结束种族隔离至今已过二十余年,虽然在很多方面取得成就,但是新南非社会依然存在很多严峻的问题,折射出种族主义冲突的问题,从而提出了新的理论挑战:宽容的价值对民主转型时期南非的秩序建构固然是重要的,但是作为一种较为宽泛的理念,蕴含于宽容之中的"中立性"原则存在对"差异"不够充分承认的问题,因此不足以回应当下新南非多元主义的实践问题。在多元主义背景下,"差异"、"认同"、"承认"等价值同样需要被意识到。也就是说,当代民主社会在面对多元主义问题时更加需要"承认的政治"这一维度。本文对南非民主转型以及后转型时代的新南非社会进行考察,梳理现有的宽容话语对于回应新南非社会各种矛盾的不足之处,进而引入"承认的政治"进行理论补充,最后提出"作为承认的宽容"作为理论重构,从而对当下新南非的种族问题进行理论回应。笔者认为,"作为承认的宽容"对于当代多元主义背景下的种族主义与价值冲突等问题都具有重要的意义。
[Abstract]:At the end of 20th century, South Africa ended three centuries of apartheid and achieved a smooth political transformation. In the process of transition, the values of tolerance and compromise were highlighted. Most of them also interpret the political struggle and the process of democratic transition in South Africa from the perspective of tolerance. The author thinks that it is not enough to stop the discussion. It has been more than 20 years since South Africa ended apartheid, although it has achieved in many ways. However, there are still many serious problems in the new South African society, which reflects the problem of racist conflict, thus putting forward a new theoretical challenge: the value of tolerance is of course important to the construction of order in South Africa during the period of democratic transformation. However, as a broad idea, the principle of "neutrality", which is contained in tolerance, has the problem of insufficient recognition of "difference". In the context of pluralism, the values of "difference", "identity" and "recognition" also need to be recognized. In the face of pluralism, the contemporary democratic society needs the dimension of "recognized politics". This paper examines the democratic transition in South Africa and the new South African society in the post-transitional era. Combing out the shortcomings of the existing tolerant discourse in response to various contradictions in the new South African society, then introducing the "politics of recognition" to supplement the theory, and finally putting forward the "tolerance as recognition" as the theoretical reconstruction. The author thinks that "tolerance as recognition" is of great significance to the problems of racism and value conflict in the context of contemporary pluralism.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D747.8

【参考文献】