互联网时代我国环境保护公众参与问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 17:04

本文选题：互联网时代　切入点：环境保护　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着我国经济的高速发展,以雾霾、水污染为代表的环境问题日益突出,受到广泛关注。2014年以来,我国坚决向污染宣战,全力推进污染防治,加大生态环境保护力度。《"十三五"生态环境保护规划》中指出,加快补齐生态环境短板是当前核心任务,要加快制度创新,实施全民行动,提升治理能力。其中,公众的环境保护意识、信息公开与社会监督等问题均与公众参与密切相关。研究环境保护公众参与问题,可为我国环境保护治理体系和治理能力现代化进程提供理论支撑。互联网的迅猛发展和普及为环境保护公众参与提供了新的平台,从而也为公众参与环境管理决策和其他环境保护问题,行使知情权、参与权、监督权和表达权建立了新的渠道。2016年李克强总理在政府工作报告中提出"制定'互联网+'行动计划,推动移动互联网、云计算、大数据、物联网等于现代制造业结合,促进电子商务、工业互联网和互联网金融健康发展,引导互联网企业拓展国际市场。""互联网+"与各个产业特别是环境保护产业的逐步结合,将会加速我国传统产业的换代升级,推动新兴产业发展。同时,环保微博、环保微信举报平台和环境保护新闻发言人制度等新事物层出不穷。以互联网为平台,公众如何参与环境保护工作,新的形式和平台如何发挥效能等问题值得深入研究。在此背景下,本文对环境保护公众参与的国内外研究现状进行梳理、总结,结合互联网当前的发展现状,以典型环保事件为研究案例,分析了互联网时代给我国环境保护公众参与带来的影响。本论文的研究内容主要包括两个方面。一是在对我国互联网发展现状和互联网时代特点总结的基础上,探究互联网时代给我国公众参与环境保护带来的机遇:有助于各主体间更实时、有效地进行环保信息的共享;有助于各主体间更高效、公平地进行环保协商;有助于各主体间更平等、深入地进行交流互动;有助于建立更便捷、有效的环保监督机制。另一方面,通过分析"高压泵深井排污"和"最强霾"两个互联网时代环境保护公众参与的典型事例,根据事例和具体的实践经验总结出互联网时代给我国公众参与环境保护带来的诸多挑战:网络舆论自发性更强而难以控制;互联网的普遍性放大了法律保障机制的不完善;各行业、地区互联网发展水平的差异导致环境保护公众参与的程度不均衡;互联网加速了产业运转而带来新的环境问题。针对这些问题,结合西方发达国家环境保护公众参与的先进经验,给出如下建议:借助互联网建立有效的信息公开制度和线上回应制度;综合考虑各主体的特点和优势,建立公众参与和政府行政管理相结合的环境保护合作机制;完善对公众参与环境保护权利的法律保障;建立适用于互联网的紧急事件应急机制;制定合理的公众参与环境保护激励机制,增强公众积极性;加强环保理念的宣传教育、技术创新、管理创新以预防和应对互联网带来的新环境问题。期望这些建议能够在互联网时代进一步完善我国环境保护公众参与制度。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy, the environmental problems in the haze, water pollution is becoming more and more prominent, has attracted wide attention since.2014, China resolutely declared war to pollution, efforts to promote pollution prevention and control, pointed out that the increase of ecological and environmental protection efforts. "13th Five-Year" environmental protection planning ", accelerate the completion of ecological environment short board is the core task of the system innovation and the implementation of the national action to enhance the governance capacity. Among them, the public awareness of environmental protection, information disclosure and social supervision and other issues are closely related to public participation. Participation of public environmental protection, can provide theoretical support for China's environmental protection system of governance and governance capacity modernization the process of rapid development and popularization of the Internet provides a new platform for public participation in environmental protection, and thus also for public participation in environmental management and other environmental protection. Questions, the exercise of the right to know, right to participate, supervision right and right of expression and established a new channel.2016 Premier Li Keqiang in the government work report proposed the development of the Internet '+' action plan, to promote mobile Internet, cloud computing, big data, networking is equal to the combination of modern manufacturing industry, promote the healthy development of electronic commerce, industry and the Internet Internet banking, Internet guide enterprises to expand the international market. "" Internet plus "and the various industries especially the environmental protection industry gradually combined, will accelerate the upgrade of China's traditional industries, emerging industries to promote the development of environmental protection and environmental protection. At the same time, micro-blog, WeChat reported new platform and environmental protection etc. the news spokesman system. With the Internet emerge in an endless stream as a platform for the public to participate in environmental protection work, how to play the new form and platform efficiency issues worthy of further study. Under this background, this paper on environmental protection Support for public participation in the research status at home and abroad were reviewed, summarized, combined with the current development of the Internet, with the typical environmental events as a case study, analysis of the Internet era to the impact of public participation in environmental protection in China. The main contents of this thesis include two aspects. One is based on the current development of China's Internet the characteristics of the Internet era and summary, to explore the Internet era has brought to the Chinese public participation in environmental protection opportunities: to help the body more real-time, effective information sharing environment; help the main body more efficient, fair and environmentally friendly negotiation; help between each subject and equal. Deeply interact; help build more convenient and effective environmental supervision mechanism. On the other hand, through the analysis of the high pressure pump deep discharge "and" the strongest haze "two environmental protection public Internet Era A typical example of participation, according to the case and practical experience of the Internet era to the challenges of environmental protection brought by China's public participation in the network public opinion more spontaneous and difficult to control; universal Internet magnifies the legal safeguard mechanism is not perfect; the industry, regional differences in the level of Internet development in public participation in environmental protection the degree of imbalance; the Internet has accelerated the industry operation and brings new environmental problems. To solve these problems, combined with the advanced experience of environmental protection public participation in the western developed countries, gives the following suggestions: using the Internet to establish an effective information disclosure system and online response system; considering the characteristics and advantages of each subject, establish environmental protection cooperation mechanism public participation and government administration together; improve the legal protection of the rights of public participation in environmental protection is established; Emergency response mechanisms in the Internet; establish reasonable incentive mechanism of public participation in environmental protection, enhance the public enthusiasm; publicity and education, strengthen the concept of environmental protection in the new environment of technological innovation, management innovation to prevent and respond to the Internet. These suggestions can be expected in the age of the Internet to further improve the system of public participation in environmental protection in China.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X32;D621.5

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