我国城市互助养老问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 16:50

本文选题：老龄化　切入点：养老模式　出处：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：据统计,2016年末,我国60岁以上人口近2.3亿,占总人口数的六分之一。有专家预测到2020年,60岁以上老龄人口将突破2.5亿,老龄人口增长曲线在2025年将达峰值,届时,老龄人口达总人口数量三分之一。一般而言,人口老龄化是社会经济发展到一定阶段的必然产物,一般遵循先富后老的规律发展,但是中国的情况比较特殊,受长期严格的计划生育政策控制与社会经济快速发展两方面的影响,我国家庭生育观念发生转变,导致我国人口增长率下降,老龄人口占比上升,而目前我国的经济发展水平有限,人均收入还处于世界中下水平,是典型的"未富先老"型老龄化社会。为了解决老龄化进程加快给社会带来的巨大挑战,探索有效的路径解决日益严峻的养老难题,互助养老模式应运而生。本文共分为5个章节。第一章,是本文的绪论章节,介绍了本文的选题背景,研究意义,概括了国内外相关研究综述及简述本文的研究思路。第二章,介绍了互助、互助养老的概念以及与互助养老有关理论依据。第三章,结合我国的互助养老实践现状发现我国在发展互助养老中存在互助养老相关政策体系不完善;社会参与率低;缺少资金支持以及志愿服务发展遇瓶颈等问题。第四章,介绍美国、日本和德国开展互助养老的实践案例,总结出可以为我国所借鉴的经验并在第五章加以细化。第五章,为了解决我国现阶段出现的问题,使互助养老可以成为一种新路径解决养老难题,本文特此提出以下对策:开展互助养老必须在坚持"自愿交换"、"持续发展"、"资源整合"的原则下,重视政府的主体责任,引导互助养老发展;发挥主流媒体的正面宣导作用,在社会上普及互助知识,培养互助意识;拓展资金的来源渠道,补足养老后备金;完善志愿服务体系,实现服务的专业化和规范化。
[Abstract]:According to statistics, in end of 2016, China's population aged over 60 was nearly 230 million, accounting for 1/6 of the total population. Some experts predicted that by 2020, the number of aged people aged 60 and over would exceed 250 million, and the growth curve of the elderly population would reach a peak on 2025. Generally speaking, the aging of the population is the inevitable product of a certain stage of social and economic development, and generally follows the law of getting rich before the old, but the situation in China is quite special. Affected by the long-term strict family planning policy control and the rapid social and economic development, the concept of family fertility in China has changed, resulting in a decline in the rate of population growth in our country, and an increase in the proportion of the elderly population. At present, China's economic development level is limited, and its per capita income is still at the middle and lower levels of the world. It is a typical aging society of "old before wealth". In order to solve the enormous challenge brought to society by accelerating the aging process, This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction of this paper, which introduces the background and significance of this paper. The second chapter introduces the concepts of mutual aid, mutual support for the aged and the related theoretical basis. Chapter three, Combined with the practice of mutual support in China, we find that there are some problems in the development of mutual support in China, such as imperfect policy system, low social participation rate, lack of financial support and bottleneck in the development of voluntary service. Chapter 4th, This paper introduces the practice cases of the United States, Japan and Germany in carrying out mutual support for the aged, sums up the experience that can be used for reference by our country and refines it in chapter 5th. 5th chapters, in order to solve the problems that appear in our country at the present stage, This paper puts forward the following countermeasures: under the principle of "voluntary exchange", "sustainable development" and "resource integration", the main responsibility of the government should be attached importance to. To guide the development of mutual support for the aged; to give full play to the positive role of the mainstream media, to popularize mutual assistance knowledge in society, to cultivate mutual assistance awareness; to expand the sources of funds, to supplement the reserve funds for the aged; to improve the voluntary service system; Realize the specialization and standardization of service.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6

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