虚幻的不相容与想象的安全困境——权力转移进程中敌意身份的互主性建构

发布时间：2018-03-17 10:42

本文选题：建构主义　切入点：中美关系　出处：《国际安全研究》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：国际政治中的角色身份与利益认知是在社会性交往互动中被不断建构的产物。在以"主权零死亡时代"为核心特征的洛克体系文化成熟阶段,单纯的权力转移已不再构成体系内大国间安全困境的原因。不论是崛起国,还是守成国,其在权力转移进程中对体系主导观念的认知决定了其对时代主题的判断,对时代主题的判断又决定了战略手段的选择,并最终在崛起国与霸权国之间建构出不同的社会性关系与互动模式。权力转移进程中,大国间敌意身份的互主性建构是如何形成的?通过对其成因的分析,能否为避免敌意螺旋的生成提供新的解决方案?通过对权力转移进程中出现的"想象的安全困境"成因分析发现:崛起国与霸权国之间并不存在现实的生存竞争,但却可能由于经济领域同质化竞争而产生族群排他性负面意象的敌意投射,并在对声望和荣誉的追求基础上形成虚幻的不相容与想象的敌意螺旋。从崛起国战略谋划的角度出发,选择"联系性崛起战略"往往更容易开启同霸权国之间非对抗的新型大国关系,而选择"变位性崛起战略"则更容易开启同霸权国之间的"修昔底德陷阱"。
[Abstract]:The recognition of role identity and interest in international politics is a product that has been constantly constructed in the social interaction. In the mature stage of Locke system culture with the core characteristic of "sovereign zero death era", The simple power transfer no longer constitutes the reason for the security dilemma among the great powers in the system. Whether it is a rising country or a conserved state, its cognition of the dominant concept of the system in the process of power transfer determines its judgment on the theme of the times. The judgment of the theme of the times determines the choice of the strategic means, and finally constructs different social relations and interactive models between the rising powers and the hegemonic powers. How does the construction of mutual domination of hostile identity among great powers come into being? Through the analysis of its causes, can we provide a new solution to avoid the formation of the hostile spiral? Based on the analysis of the causes of "imaginary security dilemma" in the process of power transfer, it is found that there is no real competition for survival between the rising power and the hegemonic power. However, it is possible that the hostile projection of ethnic exclusionary negative images may result from homogenous competition in the economic field. And on the basis of the pursuit of prestige and honor, an illusory hostile spiral of incompatibility and imagination is formed. It is easier to open up a new type of power relationship between the hegemonic power and the alternative rising strategy, but it is easier to open the "Thucydides trap" between the hegemonic countries.
【作者单位】：外交学院国际关系研究所;哈尔滨工程大学形势与政策研究中心;辽宁大学国际关系学院;
【基金】：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“中国特色大国外交研究”(项目批准号:15JZDH032)的阶段成果中央高校基本科研项目“国家安全与国防建设智库立项”(项目批准号:HEUCFZ1614)的阶段成果
【分类号】：D815

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