中国对俄罗斯公共外交研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 00:34

本文选题：中国　切入点：俄罗斯　出处：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：20世纪以来,外交逐渐突破精英外交的界限变得越来越公众化。外交政策的制定会受到社会力量的影响,如社会精英、利益集团、宗教和其他非政府组织。公共外交是对传统的政府间外交的补充,它可以使一国通过多种非官方的渠道实现与他国国民的接触与交流,以提高他国民众对本国的认识,进而改善本国的国家形象。因此,世界各国都非常重视并运用公共外交。在中国发展与其周边国家的关系中,中国逐渐意识到公共外交的重要作用,认为公共外交在中国的周边外交中大有可为。俄罗斯是中国重要的邻国,对中国具有重要的战略意义。目前,中国与俄罗斯的关系迎来了历史上最好时期,中国与俄罗斯的全面战略协作伙伴关系不断发展。然而,中国的国家形象在俄罗斯国内民众眼中并不高。公共外交对国家形象的塑造作用,使中国应当审视中国对俄罗斯的公共外交,并进行深入的研究。公共外交是指一国政府通过文化交流、信息项目等形式,了解、获悉情况和影响国外公众,以提高本国国家形象和国际影响力,进而增进本国国家利益的外交方式。它包括公关外交、人文外交和媒体外交。其中,公关外交包括首脑公关外交与外交部及驻俄大使馆的公关外交;人文外交侧重于文化、教育和旅游三个方面;媒体外交主要是指传统媒体(广播、电视、纸媒)和新媒体(互联网)在俄罗斯进行的公共外交活动。中国对俄罗斯进行的公共外交呈现出了方式多样性、人文外交主体性、政府主导性这三个特点。尽管中国对俄罗斯的公共外交取得了一定的成就,但它同时面临诸多问题。如民间力量参与不多、人文外交深度不够和媒体外交能力不强等。面对当前存在的不足,中国应该从以下几个方面进行改进。首先,中国应该鼓励民间力量参与公共外交,弱化公共外交的官方色彩。其次,中国要健全人文交流机制,促进两国人文外交的深入。尤其是加强公共外交工作人员的文化和历史知识,促进两国文化实质的互通。再次,中国要提高对俄罗斯媒体外交的能力。为此,中国应当完善在俄罗斯的媒体硬件设施、加强与俄罗斯主流媒体的合作并利用俄罗斯本土社交网站。最后,注重对俄罗斯国内社会舆论的研究,提高对俄公共外交的针对性。通过中国对俄罗斯开展的公共外交,改善中国的国家形象,促进中俄关系深入全面良好的发展。
[Abstract]:Since 20th century, diplomacy has gradually broken through the boundaries of elite diplomacy and become more and more public. Foreign policy making will be influenced by social forces, such as social elites and interest groups. Religious and other non-governmental organizations... Public diplomacy complements traditional intergovernmental diplomacy, which enables a State to engage and communicate with nationals of other countries through a variety of unofficial channels in order to raise the awareness of the people of other countries about their own country, Therefore, all countries in the world attach great importance to and use public diplomacy. In the development of China's relations with its neighboring countries, China has gradually realized the important role of public diplomacy. It is believed that public diplomacy has great potential in China's peripheral diplomacy. Russia is an important neighbor of China, which is of great strategic significance to China. At present, the relationship between China and Russia has ushered in the best period in history. The comprehensive strategic partnership between China and Russia is developing. However, China's national image is not high in the eyes of the Russian people. Public diplomacy plays a role in shaping the national image. China should examine China's public diplomacy with Russia and conduct in-depth research. Public diplomacy means that a government understands, learns about, and influences the public abroad through cultural exchanges, information projects, etc. In order to enhance the national image and international influence, and thus promote the national interests of the country. It includes public relations diplomacy, humanities diplomacy and media diplomacy. Among them, Public relations diplomacy includes the head of public relations diplomacy and that of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Embassy in Russia; Humanistic diplomacy focuses on three aspects: culture, education and tourism; Media diplomacy mainly refers to traditional media (radio, television, etc.). China's public diplomacy to Russia has shown a variety of ways and the subjectivity of humanistic diplomacy. Although China has made some achievements in its public diplomacy with Russia, it faces many problems at the same time, such as the small participation of civilian forces. The depth of humanistic diplomacy is not deep enough and the media diplomacy is not strong enough. In the face of the current shortcomings, China should improve from the following aspects. First, China should encourage civilian forces to participate in public diplomacy. Weaken the official color of public diplomacy. Secondly, China should improve the mechanism of humanistic exchange and promote the deepening of the humanistic diplomacy between the two countries. In particular, it should strengthen the cultural and historical knowledge of the staff of public diplomacy and promote the exchange of cultural essence between the two countries. Once again, China wants to improve its media diplomacy with Russia. To this end, it should improve its media hardware facilities in Russia, strengthen cooperation with the mainstream Russian media and make use of local social networking sites. Focusing on the study of public opinion in Russia, improving the pertinence of public diplomacy to Russia, improving China's national image through China's public diplomacy to Russia, and promoting the comprehensive and good development of Sino-Russian relations.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D822.351.2

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