卢镇关爱农村留守儿童公共行动的现状、问题及对策研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 04:53

本文选题：留守儿童　切入点：关爱行动　出处：《华中师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：儿童留守是当下中国农村社会的普遍现象,儿童留守问题不仅对留守儿童的生理、心理及发展产生巨大影响,并且对中国社会未来发展产生严重的影响。留守儿童的问题的根本并不在“儿童”,而在于“留守”,儿童本身是无辜的。虽然“留守”问题需要在城镇化的不断发展中逐渐得到解决,是一个较长时间的过程,但这并不意-味着政府及社会对留守儿童问题便可以无所作为,政府和社会应该发挥自身公共服务的职能,对留守儿童开展多类型、常态性的关爱行动。本文以卢镇关爱农村留守儿童的公共行动为研究对象,着力聚焦于关爱行动存在的问题、原因及对策,致力于优化卢镇关爱农村留守儿童公共行动。笔者通过研读文献,从宏观上把握我国农村留守儿童问题以及关爱农村留守儿童公共行动的情况,在此基础上,本文运用质性研究方法,通过对留守儿童、政府工作人员、学校老师、志愿者等关爱行动的主客体进行了深入的访谈。通过对第一和第二手资料的分析,对卢镇关爱留守儿童行动进行了较为全面和深入的研究。本文选取了新公共服务理论作为理论工具,新公共服务所重视的为公众提供公共服务理念,以及强调政府在服务中既不是掌舵,也不是划船,而是在多种服务主体之间作为一名协调者的理念,为笔者研究卢镇关爱农村留守儿童公共行动的问题、原因及策提供了理论分析工具对卢镇关爱留守儿童行动存在问题的原因进行了细致分析,提出了相应的对策建议。本文的结构以现状—问题—原因—对策为主线进行布局。认为卢镇关爱留守儿童行动在执行方面存在政府主体缺位及志愿者队伍缺乏组织性的问题,在具体的关爱行动中存在着主观化、仪式化、项目化、短期化等问题。这些问题原因集中于对留守儿童问题缺乏足够的清晰地认识,关爱行动组织不健全,关爱留守儿童行动缺乏长效运行机制等方面。因此其应对策略也应从这几方面来进行。另外,本文认为关爱行动的优化发展离不开一个有利的“环境”,因此本文认为应该从法律、政策、舆论三方面构建有利于关爱行动更好地开展的环境基础。本文的创新点集中于研究方法的创新和理论视角创新两方面。本文选用质性研究方法,贴近基层,对关爱行动的主客体各方的切身感受有切身体会,以此为基础来分析评价关爱行动的效果有着更为实际的意义。另外,本文以新公共服务理论为研究视角,从政府组织、社会力量、及政府与社会的关系三方面来审视卢镇关爱留守儿童行动存在问题及优化行动的对策,相较于以往研究只聚焦于政府的模式来说具有更广阔的视角。
[Abstract]:Children left behind is a common phenomenon in Chinese rural society at present. The problem of children left behind not only has a great impact on the physiology, psychology and development of left-behind children, but also has a serious impact on the future development of Chinese society.The problem with left-behind children lies not in children, but in remaining children.Although the problem of "left-behind" needs to be solved gradually in the course of urbanization, it is a long process, but it does not mean that the government and society can do nothing about the problem of left-behind children.The government and society should give play to their own public service function and carry out various types of normal care and care for left-behind children.This paper focuses on the problems, causes and countermeasures of Luzhen's public action of caring for rural left-behind children, and focuses on the optimization of Luzhen's public action of caring for rural left-behind children.By reading the literature, the author grasps the problem of rural left-behind children and the situation of caring for rural left-behind children from the macro perspective. On this basis, this paper applies qualitative research methods, through the left-behind children, government staff,School teachers, volunteers and other caring actions of the subject and object of in-depth interviews.Based on the analysis of the first and second-hand data, the action of caring for children left behind in Luzhen is studied comprehensively and deeply.This article selects the new public service theory as the theoretical tool, the new public service pays attention to the public to provide the public service idea, and emphasizes the government in the service neither to take the helm, nor to row the boat.Instead, as a coordinator among various service subjects, the author studies the public action of caring for rural left-behind children in Luzhen.The causes and countermeasures provide a theoretical analysis tool for the causes of the problems in Luzhen's action of caring for left-behind children, and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.The structure of this paper is based on the current situation-problem-reason-countermeasures.It is considered that there are some problems in Luzhen's action of caring for left-behind children, such as the absence of government main body and the lack of organization of volunteers, and the subjective, ritualized, project-oriented and short-term problems in the specific action of caring for children.The causes of these problems lie in the lack of a clear understanding of the problem of left-behind children, the unsound organization of caring actions, and the lack of long-term operational mechanism for the action of caring for left-behind children.Therefore, its coping strategies should also be carried out from these aspects.In addition, this paper holds that the optimal development of caring action can not be separated from a favorable "environment". Therefore, this paper holds that the environmental basis for the better development of caring action should be built from the three aspects of law, policy and public opinion.The innovation of this paper focuses on the innovation of research methods and the innovation of theoretical perspective.This paper chooses the qualitative research method, close to the grass roots, has the personal experience to the concern action each party's personal feeling, takes this as the foundation to analyze and evaluate the care action effect has the more practical significance.In addition, from the perspective of the new public service theory, this paper examines the problems existing in Luzhen's action of caring for left-behind children from three aspects: government organization, social force, and the relationship between government and society.It has a broader perspective than previous studies focused only on government models.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.5

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