民国时期普思沿边治理及治边行政人员研究（1912-1928）

发布时间：2018-04-04 14:45

本文选题：民国　切入点：普思沿边　出处：《云南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：1913年初,普思沿边成立了自纳入中央版图后的第一个流官机构—-普思沿边行政总局。在《治边十二条》、《十三章程》、《改组办法》等治边方案的指导下,柯树勋总局长带领治边行政人员们开发、建设普思沿边,进行了一系列的改革。改革的内容包括政治、经济、外交、社会风俗、教育、司法等方面。改革将与普思沿边传统迥异的政治、经济、文化等因素引入边地,掀起了十二版纳近代化进程的序幕。本文首先阐述柯树勋的治边方案,通过对比史料,厘清《治边十二条》的源起,纠正《版纳文史资料选辑》的错误记载,并比较《治边十二条》《十三章程》《各猛行政汉土官弁目拟定办事规则》的异同。然后说明边地改革的部分内容。金融改革方面,普思沿边通过与昆明造币分厂兑换铜银各币、设立富滇银行车里分行发行纸币,将普思沿边的经济纳入了云南省的经济圈内。在司法改革方面,局长“兼理司法”,内容包括：推行新法；采用新的状纸和审判词,遴选执法人员,新设法庭和监狱。但是由于边地习惯法的强大习惯性,以及缺少专业的司法人员等,边地司法改革陷入困境中。改革是一个双向互动的过程,从土司的回应看,土司虽然一定程度与流官合作,但是也利用边地瘴气严重易造成人员伤亡；土汉间文化、语言的差异,甚至是武装反抗汉官改革。从边民的回应看,呈现了抗拒、不满的情绪,或接受汉官改革。即便如此,民国时期,普思沿边各方面的改革还是取得了不少的进步。因此,我们应当对在自然条件恶劣、社会情况复杂条件下工作的治边行政人员们给予适当的评价。20世纪30年代以前,云南省没有形成完整的治边行政人员管理规章。我们只能从报刊、档案等零碎的资料中梳理部分治边行政人员的更替情况,制表说明普思沿边行政总局时期各局的人事规划、变更。从治边行政人员的任命、在职管理、培训、奖惩、抚恤方面看这一时期治边行政人员的任职情况,并总结该时期治边行政人员任职的特点：编制精简、设有特殊岗位、集多项职能为一体。普思沿边这种近代化的历程,可以称之为近代化的“沿陆地边疆型”,区别于“沿海型”、“中部型”、“内地型”,具有鲜明的时代和地域特色,是中国近代化进程中不可忽视的力量。
[Abstract]:In early 1913, the first official agency, the General Administration of the Frontier, was established by Perth since it was incorporated into the central territory.Under the guidance of the "Twelve articles of Governance", "Thirteenth articles of Association" and "methods of reorganization", Director General Ke Shu-hsun led the administrative staff of the border administration to develop and build a series of reforms along the edge of the border.The reform includes political, economic, diplomatic, social customs, education, justice and so on.The reform introduced the political, economic and cultural factors which are different from the traditional ones in the border areas, and raised the prologue of the modernization process of the twelve banners.This paper first expounds Ke Shu-xun 's plan to rule the border, by comparing historical data, to clarify the origin of "the Twelve articles of ruling Border", and to correct the erroneous records of the selected Collection of Literary and Historical Materials of Banna.And compare the similarities and differences of "the twelve articles of government" < 13 articles of association] < the preamble of each fierce administration of Han Dynasty to draw up the rules for handling affairs.Then explain some of the contents of the border area reform.In the aspect of financial reform, by exchanging copper and silver coins with Kunming Mint Factory and setting up a branch of Fudian Bank to issue banknotes, Purse brought the economy along the border into the economic circle of Yunnan Province.In the area of judicial reform, the Director of Justice has "juxtaposed justice", which includes the introduction of new laws, the introduction of new papers and trial terms, the selection of law enforcement officers, the establishment of new courts and prisons.However, due to the strong habit of border customary law and the lack of professional judicial personnel, the border judicial reform is in difficulty.The reform is a two-way interactive process. From the perspective of the Tusi's response, although the Tusi cooperates with the officials to a certain extent, it also makes use of the frontier miasma to cause serious casualties, and the cultural and linguistic differences between the two peoples.Even armed resistance to Han government reform.From the response of the border people, showing resistance, dissatisfaction, or accept the reform of Han officials.Even so, in the period of the Republic of China, the reform along the border still made a lot of progress.Therefore, we should give proper evaluation to the administrative staff who work under the bad natural conditions and complicated social conditions. Before the 1930s, Yunnan Province did not form the complete administrative rules and regulations.We can only sort out the turnover of some administrative personnel from newspapers, archives and other piecemeal materials, and make tables to illustrate the personnel planning and changes of the various bureaus in the period of the General Administration of Precious Border Administration.From the aspects of appointment, on-the-job management, training, rewards and punishment, and compassionate aspects of the administrative staff, the paper summarizes the characteristics of the administrative personnel in this period: the establishment of a streamlined, with special posts,A collection of multiple functions into one.The process of modernization along the edge of Pushi can be called "land border type", which is different from "coastal type", "middle type" and "inland type".It is a force that cannot be ignored in the process of modernization of China.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D693;K258

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