福州市城区独居老人社区健康管理现状与对策分析

发布时间：2018-04-06 00:25

本文选题：独居老人　切入点：社区　出处：《福建医科大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的通过了解福州市独居老人的现状、健康需求、社区健康管理情况等内容,分析现有社区健康管理存在的问题及原因,为福州市独居老人健康养老工作提供参考。方法采用简单随机抽样的方法从福州市五个区的社区卫生服务中心中各抽取1家社区卫生服务中心,共计5家社区卫生服务中心作为调查社区。采用简单随机抽样的方法抽取5家社区卫生服务中心进行健康管理的独居老年296人,空巢老人362人,与子女共住老人328人,共计986人作为本研究的调查对象。对抽取的986名社区老年人发放调查问卷,主要的调查内容包括老人的基本情况、健康状况及相关因素、独居老人社会支持情况、社区健康管理需求及利用、满意度等。对所收集的数据进行分析,包括一般性描述统计、卡方检验、方差分析、秩和检验、多元线性回归分析法等。结果1、三类老人在性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、医保情况、收入等差异有统计学意义。2、独居老人日常活动中行动和自我照顾受限率较高,多重线性回归结果显示年龄、生活上的帮助、经济支持对独居老人日常行为影响有统计学意义。独居老人两周患病率较高、Ordinal回归显示主要与年龄、婚姻状态、教育程度等有关。独居老人焦虑或抑郁发生率为17.9%,心理状况令人担忧。3、独居老人获得社会支持较少,主要来源为子女。4、独居老人接受的健康管理服务与一般老人无差别。5、独居老人对健康管理需求较大,尤其在全科医师上门服务、电话健康咨询及指导等方面需求迫切。独居老人健康管理的总体利用率为77%,在全科医师上门服务、个性化健康指导计划、健康追踪调查与回访等方面利用率较低。6、85%的独居老人表示对社区健康管理服务基本满意,仍有8%的独居老人表示不满意。结论1、独居老人的基本情况与一般老人有区别,应该作为特殊一类群体区别对待。2、独居老人日常活动受限率及两周患病率较高,并且心理状况堪忧,另外获得的社会支持较少,应受到健康管理服务的重点关注。3、独居老人对健康管理需求较大,健康管理项目利用率不高,应该根据其需求特点区别对待。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the existing problems and causes of community health management in Fuzhou, and to provide a reference for the health care work of the elderly living alone in Fuzhou.Methods A simple random sampling method was used to select one community health service center from each of the five districts in Fuzhou. A total of 5 community health service centers were selected as investigation communities.A simple random sampling method was used to select 296 elderly people living alone in 5 community health service centers, 362 empty nest elderly and 328 elderly people living with their children. A total of 986 people were selected as the subjects of this study.A questionnaire was sent out to 986 elderly people in the community. The main contents of the survey included the basic situation of the elderly, the health status and related factors, the social support of the elderly living alone, the needs and utilization of community health management, the satisfaction degree and so on.The data collected are analyzed, including general description statistics, chi-square test, variance analysis, rank sum test, multivariate linear regression analysis and so on.Results 1.There were significant differences in sex, age, education, occupation, health insurance and income among the three groups of old people. The restricted rate of movement and self-care in daily activities of the elderly living alone was higher. The multiple linear regression results showed that age.The help in life and financial support have statistical significance on the daily behavior of the elderly living alone.The prevalence of two-week old people living alone was higher than that of old people. The results of ordinary regression showed that it was mainly related to age, marital status, educational level and so on.The incidence of anxiety or depression in the elderly living alone was 17.9%, and the psychological condition was worrying. The elderly who lived alone received less social support.The main source is child. 4. The health management service received by the elderly living alone is not different from that of the ordinary old people. The elderly living alone have a great demand for health management, especially in the field of general practitioners' home service, telephone health consultation and guidance.The overall utilization rate of health management for the elderly living alone was 77. In the aspects of general practitioners' home service, individualized health guidance plan, health tracking investigation and return visit, the utilization rate of single elderly people indicated that they were basically satisfied with the community health management services.Still, 8% of old people living alone express dissatisfaction.Conclusion 1. The basic condition of the elderly living alone is different from that of the general elderly, and should be treated differently as a special group. The restricted rate of daily activities and the prevalence rate of two weeks in the elderly living alone are higher, their psychological condition is worrying, and the social support is less.It should be paid attention to by the health management service. The old people living alone have a great demand for health management and the utilization rate of health management items is not high, so they should be treated differently according to the characteristics of their needs.
【学位授予单位】：福建医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D669.6;R197.61

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