奥巴马政府推动与古巴关系正常化谈判进程及动因分析

发布时间：2018-04-07 00:09

本文选题：美古关系　切入点：关系正常化　出处：《外交学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：2014年12月17日,美国总统奥巴马与古巴领导人劳尔·卡斯特罗同时宣布将开启两国双边关系新篇章,断交54年之后,两国关系再次向着正常化迈进。美国政府开始转变实施了五十余年之久的对古政策,接触与缓和成为美国对古政策的新方式。2010年中期选举之后,美国国会由共和党把持,奥巴马陷入“跛脚”境地,而共和党一贯对古巴态度强硬,那么奥巴马对古巴关系正常化的一系列政策与行动是如何通过与完成的?美国为何要推动与古巴关系正常化?本文通过梳理美古关系正常化谈判的细节过程,从而分析出奥巴马政府何以在国会由共和党把持的局面下,得以实现与古巴关系的正常化。经过分析笔者得出结论:美古关系正常化是大势所趋,美国和古巴多年来断断续续建立的各种磋商机制为双方关系正常化奠定了基础,常年搁置的政治犯问题的解决则提供了契机。然而,美国仍希望古巴实现向民主国家的转变,但不再以压力为手段,转为接触与缓和。如今特朗普上台,特朗普本人与共和党部分议员立场一致,对美古关系正常化的态度并不十分乐观,因此美古关系的前进道路依然漫长。
[Abstract]:On December 17, 2014, U.S. President Barack Obama and Cuban leader Raul Castro also announced that they would open a new chapter in bilateral relations, and after 54 years of disengagement, relations between the two countries were moving towards normalization again.The U.S. government has begun to change its policy toward Cuba for more than 50 years, and contact and detente have become a new way of policy toward Cuba. After the mid-term elections in 2010, the United States Congress was dominated by Republicans, and Obama fell into a "limp" position.The Republican Party has always been tough on Cuba, so Obama's normalization of relations with Cuba a series of policies and actions are adopted and completed?Why should the United States promote normalization of relations with Cuba?By sorting out the details of the negotiations on normalization of relations between the United States and Cuba, this paper analyzes how the Obama administration can normalize its relations with Cuba under the control of the Republican Party in Congress.The author concludes that the normalization of relations between the United States and Cuba is the trend of the times, and the various consultation mechanisms that the United States and Cuba have established intermittently for many years have laid the foundation for the normalization of relations between the two countries.The resolution of the political prisoner problem, which has been shelved for many years, provides an opportunity.However, the United States still wants Cuba to move towards democracy, but no longer using pressure as a means of engagement and detente.Now that Trump is in power, Trump himself shares the position of some Republican lawmakers and is not very optimistic about normalizing relations between the United States and Cuba, so there is still a long way to go.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D871.2;D875.1

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