山东省肥城市养老服务机构发展研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 03:21

本文选题：养老服务机构 + 运行机制　；参考：《山东农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国经济高速发展带来的一系列社会福利是有目共睹的,但是中国老龄化问题越来越严重,许多地区养老服务的配套设施已经难以满足当地老人的需求,养老问题成为党和国家解决民生问题的重要突破口。近年来,我国养老服务机构开始发展起来,为解决养老问题起了重要作用。但是,由于养老服务机构起步较晚,在发展中存在着管理制度不健全、从业人员严重不足、资金来源渠道狭窄等问题,还不能很好满足老年人养老的需要,因此搞好养老服务机构发展问题的探究具有重要的理论实际意义。本文主要采用文献研究法、问卷调查法、规范分析法以及定性与定量分析等方法,对肥城市养老服务机构发展问题进行了较系统分析:首先,阐明了养老服务机构基本概念分类特点、重要性及理论基础;其次,总结了养老服务机构发展历程、类型及成效;再次,对养老服务机构内部运行机制包括对组织管理机制、人事管理机制、服务机制、投融资机制等进行了分析;再再次,运用SF-36量表分析入住老年人生活质量,通过单因素方差分析与多元线性回归分析探明影响老年人生活质量的影响因素;最后,提出了优化养老服务机构的对策。通过研究得到了如下主要结论:(1)肥城市养老服务机构的发展历程共分为三个阶段:第一阶段是稳定发展期。期间养老服务机构数量较大且变化较小,养老机构并不对外提供服务,入住的老人均为“五保”老人。第二阶段是改革探索期。期间养老服务机构锐减,裁撤了所有村级敬老院,并对敬老院进行合并整改,养老服务机构出现逐年递减的态势,入住的老人仍只有“五保”老人,入住人数缓慢增加。第三阶段是加速发展期。从2008第一家民营养老院开办以来,政府投入大量资金进行扩建改造。养老服务机构数量逐年递增,展示了肥城市对养老服务机构的不断优化调整。(2)肥城市的养老服务机构主要有四种类型,分别是公办敬老院、私立养老院、日间照料中心、农村幸福院。其中,公办敬老院占14%、私立养老院占8%、日间照料中心占10%,这三种类型所占比重较小;农村幸福院占68%,所占比重较大。经过多年发展,产生了良好成效:一是初步满足老年人的需求;二是促进了家庭社会和谐发展;三是带动了经济的发展。(3)分析肥城市养老服务机构运行机制发现:?在组织管理机制上,大部分养老服务机构管理制度比较健全,但是不够健全和很不健全的也占到了30%左右,肥城市养老服务机构的制度建设有待进一步完善。?在人事管理机制上,从业人员数量不足且周转率高、医护人员结构不合理、培训不足,专业教育背景匮乏。?在服务机制上,设备不足且老化严重,服务内容较少难以满足老年人需求,管理体制与服务内容不健全。在投融资机制上,筹资渠道狭窄、成本回收慢、入住价格不合理。在监管上,存在监管滞后、法律意识淡薄且法律保障机制不健全等问题。(4)在对老年人生活质量探究时,通过SF-36量表对养老服务机构老年人生活质量评估发现,男性老年人的生活质量较女性较高,年龄越大老年人生活质量越低,文化程度越高、收入越高的老年人,生活质量越好。基于老年人生活质量单因素方差分析及多元线性回归分析发现,肥城市养老机构老年人生命质量的主要因素按影响程度从高到低依次为老年人的医疗保障、年龄、收入水平。(5)要解决养老服务机构发展中遇到的问题,对策主要是:在养老服务机构自身方面,应当建立规范管理制度,树立以人为本服务理念,积极调整转型,降低收费标准,加强在职人员职业化培训,提升从业人员整体待遇;在政府方面,充分发挥主导作用,建立评估监督机制,加强政府扶持力度,落实扶持政策,健全法律体系,加强法制宣传等多措并举;在社会方面,应该鼓励志愿者参与养老服务体系,加强宣传,转变传统养老观念。
[Abstract]:A series of social benefits of China's rapid economic development is obvious to people, but more and more serious problem of aging Chinese, many areas of pension service facilities have been difficult to meet the local needs of the elderly, the pension issue has become the party and the state to solve the livelihood problems of the important breakthrough. In recent years, China's pension services began to develop and played an important role in solving the pension problem. However, because the pension services started late, in the existing in the development of the management system is not perfect, staff shortage, problems of the narrow channels of funding sources, but also can not satisfy the needs of the elderly pension, so it has important practical significance to explore the development problem of the theory of pension service. This paper mainly adopts the literature research method, questionnaire survey method, normative analysis and qualitative and quantitative analysis methods, the Feicheng city raise The systemic analysis of problems in the development of the old service organizations: firstly, expounded the basic concept of pension service classification features, importance and theoretical basis; secondly, summarizes the development of pension services, the types and effectiveness; thirdly, the internal operation mechanism of pension services including the organization and management mechanism, the personnel management mechanism, service mechanism. The investment and financing mechanism are analyzed; then again, using the SF-36 scale of quality of life in the elderly, through the single factor variance analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis proved the factors influencing the life quality of the elderly; finally, put forward the Optimization Countermeasures of pension services. Through the research the main conclusions are as follows: (1) the development of pension services in Feicheng city is divided into three stages: the first stage is the period of stable development. During the period of pension services over the number of large and small changes, pension The agency does not provide services in the elderly are five elderly. The second stage is the reform period. During the reduced pension services, the abolition of all village homes for the elderly, and combined with the rectification of the nursing home, pension services appear decreasing trend, the elderly stay still only five elderly, stay the number increased slowly. The third stage is a period of accelerated development. Since the start from the 2008 first private nursing homes, the government invested a lot of money for reconstruction. The number of pension services increased year by year, showing the Feicheng city pension services to optimize the adjustment. (2) pension services in Feicheng City, there are four main types respectively, public nursing homes, private nursing homes, day care centers, Rural happiness hospital. Among them, public nursing homes accounted for 14%, accounted for 8% of private nursing homes, day care centers accounted for 10% of the three types A smaller proportion of; Rural happiness hospital accounted for 68%, accounting for a large proportion. After years of development, has produced good results. The first one is to meet the needs of the elderly; the two is to promote the harmonious development of family and society; the three is to promote economic development. (3) analysis of the operating mechanism of pension services in Feicheng City:? In the organization and management mechanism, the majority of pension service management system is sound, but the sound is not sound enough and has accounted for about 30%, the system construction of endowment service institution in Feicheng city should be further improved.? in the personnel management system, personnel shortage and high turnover rate, unreasonable structure of medical staff inadequate training, professional background, lack of education.? in the service mechanism, equipment shortage and serious aging, the service content is less difficult to meet the needs of the elderly, the management system and the service content is not perfect in the investment and financing mechanism, The financing channel is narrow, the cost recovery is slow, in the price is not reasonable. In the regulation, regulatory lag, legal consciousness and legal protection mechanism is not perfect and so on. (4) on the quality of life in elderly people and explore, through the SF-36 scale of life quality of the elderly pension services assessment found that elderly men the quality of life is higher than women, the older elderly life quality is lower, the higher education level, the higher the income of the elderly, the better quality of life. The life quality of the elderly. The single factor variance analysis and multiple linear regression analysis showed that the main factors of Feicheng city based on the quality of life of elderly pension institutions according to the influence degree from high to low for the elderly medical security, age, income level. (5) to solve some problems in the development of pension services, the main countermeasures are: self in terms of pension services, shall establish rules Fan management system, establish a people-oriented service concept, actively adjust the transformation, reduce fees, strengthen the occupation training of in-service personnel, improve employee's overall treatment; in the government, give full play to the leading role, establish the supervision and evaluation mechanism, strengthen government support force, the implementation of policies to support and improve the legal system, strengthen legal advocacy and other measures simultaneously; in terms of society, should be encouraged to volunteer to participate in the pension service system, strengthen the propaganda, change the traditional concept of retirement.

【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6

【相似文献】