我国政府购买居家养老服务问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 07:17

本文选题：政府购买 + 公共服务　；参考：《河南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着中国经济的发展,一方面人民生活水平以及医疗卫生水平大幅度提升,人均寿命不断延长；另一方面社会老龄化不断加剧。如何解决广大老年人的养老服务问题已经成为当前政府如何保障和改善民生的重大问题。早在2006年“十一五”规划时,政府部门就已经预测到了“银色浪潮”的到来。近年来老龄化问题日益严重,如何使老年人安享晚年,仅依靠子女是远远不够的,在这种形势下,积极探寻新的养老模式成为社会各界关注的焦点。我国政府结合国情并借鉴发达国家的经验,提出了现实可行的养老方式居家养老。本文主要采用文献分析和案例剖析两种方法进行研究。通过对2010-2014年五年的相关文献进行阅读分析,明确当前的研究趋势与主题。在对政府向社会组织购买居家养老服务概念进行界定的基础上,对国内外已有实践进行梳理,以此为基础首先分析了当前我国政府购买居家养老服务的现状,指出我国居家养老服务体系的构建和发展仍处于起步阶段,存在狭义化居家养老服务内涵,政府购买意愿低；政府负担过重,购买力不足,服务难以持续；居家养老相关配套制度缺失,政府监督评估体制不完善；居家养老市场运行机制不匹配；养老服务人员整体素质有待提升；服务资源利用效率在低水平徘徊等问题。其次以厦门市为典型案例,剖析了厦门市居家养老服务的经验,包括重视需求调研与模式创新；设置不同类别供给标准,并统筹财政平衡；提供交流渠道,重视资源整合；设置领导部门,有序推进政策的实施。总结了厦门市居家养老服务的启示,具体包括政府主导,政策保证；依托本地教育资源,设立养老服务相关专业和课程；立足现实基础,适时创新服务模式；厘清现实需求,注意宣传提升影响力；确保资金来源,并制度化预算安排。最后指出为化解我国政府在购买居家养老服务中存在问题,应从政府、社会家庭转变观念,夯实养老服务开展的基础；扶持社会组织发展,缓解政府压力；加强制度建设,以保证养老服务持续稳定发展；依据区域特征,选择最优模式提高资源利用率；提升服务人员素质,建设高水平服务队伍；提高重视程度,将养老服务上升为国家统一的战略行为等方面入手进行。
[Abstract]:With the development of Chinese economy, on the one hand, the people's living standard and medical and health standard have been greatly improved, and the average life expectancy has been prolonged; on the other hand, the aging of the society has been intensified.How to solve the problem of pension service for the elderly has become an important issue for the government to protect and improve people's livelihood.As early as 2006, the 11th five-year plan, the government has predicted the arrival of the "silver wave."In recent years, the problem of aging is becoming more and more serious. It is far from enough to rely on the children to make the elderly enjoy their old age. Under this situation, it has become the focus of the society to actively explore the new old-age model.According to the national conditions and the experience of developed countries, our government puts forward a practical and feasible way to provide for the aged at home.This paper mainly uses the literature analysis and the case analysis two kinds of methods carries on the research.Through reading and analyzing the relevant documents from 2010 to 2014, the current research trends and themes are clarified.On the basis of defining the concept of the government purchasing the home old-age service from the social organization, this paper combs the existing practice at home and abroad, and analyzes the current situation of the government purchase of the home pension service in our country at first.It is pointed out that the construction and development of home pension service system in China is still in its infancy, there is a narrow meaning of home pension service, the government has a low willingness to buy, the government is overburdened, the purchasing power is insufficient, and the service is difficult to sustain.The related system of home pension is missing, the government supervision and evaluation system is not perfect; the operation mechanism of the home pension market is not matched; the overall quality of the pension service personnel needs to be improved; the efficiency of service resources is hovering at a low level.Secondly, taking Xiamen as a typical case, this paper analyzes the experience of home pension service in Xiamen, including paying attention to demand investigation and mode innovation, setting up different kinds of supply standards, coordinating financial balance, providing communication channels and attaching importance to the integration of resources.Set up leading departments to promote the implementation of policies in an orderly manner.This paper summarizes the enlightenment of home pension service in Xiamen, including government leading, policy guarantee; relying on local educational resources, setting up related specialties and courses of old-age service; innovating service mode timely based on reality; clarifying realistic demand.Pay attention to the promotion of impact; ensure the source of funds and institutionalize the budget arrangement.Finally, it is pointed out that in order to solve the problems existing in the purchase of home pension service by our government, we should change our concept from the government and the social family, consolidate the foundation for the development of the pension service, support the development of social organization, alleviate the pressure of the government, and strengthen the construction of the system.In order to ensure the sustainable and stable development of old-age service, according to the regional characteristics, select the best mode to improve the utilization of resources, improve the quality of service personnel, build a high level of service team, improve the degree of attention,Pension services will be upgraded to national unity of strategic behavior and other aspects of the start.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630;D669.6

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