社区老年人福利传输机制分析

发布时间：2018-04-20 17:36

本文选题：老年人福利 + 社区照顾　；参考：《东北财经大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：所谓的福利传输机制,是指福利从生产者供给到接受者享受福利的衔接过程,是一个以老年人需求满足为目标、由社会政策起始、老年人获取为终的福利供应链条。本文所定义的老年人福利,是从救济的基础概念跨越,又不仅限于社会保障的高层次理念,立足于多元化的老年人需求而提供的普惠型福利。发达国家的实践与社会福利内涵的发展让多元化、社会化的福利供给成为趋势。福利多元主义论证了在大福利的视角下,政府、家庭、市场、第三部门各自在福利供给中承担着他们不可替代的职责。政府是规则制定者、总体规划引导者、监督者,家庭是法定赡养者,市场是多元化福利产品的生产者,第三部门是公益性的福利生产者,而他们同时都是以各种方式提供老年福利资源的筹资者与服务者。想要这些福利供给主体能够相互联系、相互补充的发挥其作用,社会资源能够最大效率被分配,就必须有一个平台对他们进行规划与整合,让所有的供给主体井然有序的进入一个福利传输链条之上,让所有主体各司其位、有层次性的满足各个老年人群体不同的福利需求。这就是本文的主旨所在。社区既是一个地域性,又是一个社会性的概念,它是政府职能向服务者转变,福利供给向社会化发展的趋势下,福利社会中最为重要的子细胞。它既可以整体引导资源的流动,又可以以自身能力填补空缺,它是联系社会、家庭与政府的最佳纽带,无疑是对福利供给资源进行整合的最好平台。以社区为依托,社区内各个主体提供的老年人福利资源能够有序的流动,社区内每个老年人都有机会和能力享受适度普惠型的福利,有机会满足个性化的福利需求,这便是本文所提出的构想。以多元化的老年人需求为起点,由社区进行宏观上的整体资源布局,经由需求分析、资源引入、规划协调、福利建设、监督评估各个过程,保证横向上的福利资源供给,保证纵向上的福利资源的持续传输,建立层次性的福利供给体系,保证老年人的社会需求得到满足,从而构建一个从社会政策到老年人个人输送通畅的福利供应链条,这便是本文提出的最佳实现路径。总之,老年风险是最普遍的社会风险,老年人福利是最基本的民生问题。我国面对着总量已经超过2亿的老年群体,面对着发展迅猛、结构问题突出的老龄化,在并不完善的社会保障制度与社会福利制度之下,以社区为依托完善和发展老年人福利体系,保证老年人福利资源的供给与协调,保证老年人福利政策的实施,是尊重老年人的公民权与福利权、满足愈加丰富和充满个性的老年人需求的最佳选择。
[Abstract]:The so-called welfare transmission mechanism refers to the link process of welfare supply from producer to receiver. It is a welfare supply chain that aims at satisfying the needs of the elderly, starting from social policy, and ending with the elderly obtaining. The welfare of the elderly defined in this paper is not only limited to the high-level concept of social security, but also based on the diverse needs of the elderly and provides inclusive welfare. The practice of developed countries and the development of social welfare connotation make the diversification and socialization of welfare supply become the trend. Welfare pluralism demonstrates that the government, the family, the market and the third sector each bear irreplaceable responsibilities in welfare supply. The government is the rule-setter, the master plan guide, the supervisor, the family is the legal support, the market is the producer of diversified welfare products, and the third sector is the welfare producer of public welfare. At the same time, they are in various ways to provide old-age welfare resources of the fund-raising and service providers. In order for these welfare providers to be able to interact with each other and complement each other to play their role, social resources can be allocated to the maximum efficiency, so there must be a platform to plan and integrate them. Let all the main body of supply into a welfare transmission chain in an orderly manner, let all the main body of each division of their place, to meet the different welfare needs of various groups of the elderly. This is the thrust of this paper. Community is not only a regional concept, but also a social concept. It is the most important sub-cell in the welfare society under the trend of the transformation of government functions to service providers and the development of welfare supply to socialization. It can not only guide the flow of resources as a whole, but also fill the gap with its own ability. It is the best link between the society, the family and the government, and undoubtedly the best platform for the integration of welfare supply resources. Relying on the community, the elderly welfare resources provided by various subjects in the community can flow orderly. Each elderly person in the community has the opportunity and ability to enjoy the moderately inclusive welfare and the opportunity to meet the individual welfare needs. This is the idea put forward in this paper. Taking the diversified needs of the elderly as the starting point, the community carries out a macro overall distribution of resources, through demand analysis, resource introduction, planning and coordination, welfare construction, supervision and evaluation of the various processes to ensure the horizontal supply of welfare resources. To ensure the continuous transmission of welfare resources, to establish a hierarchical welfare supply system, to ensure that the social needs of the elderly are met, and thus to construct a welfare supply chain from social policy to the individual transport of the elderly. This is the best implementation path proposed in this paper. In short, the risk of old age is the most common social risk, and the welfare of the elderly is the most basic livelihood problem. China is faced with a total of more than 200 million elderly groups, facing the rapid development, structural problems of the aging, under the imperfect social security system and social welfare system, To improve and develop the welfare system of the elderly based on the community, to ensure the supply and coordination of the welfare resources for the elderly, and to ensure the implementation of the welfare policy for the elderly, is to respect the civil rights and welfare rights of the elderly. The best choice for meeting the needs of older people who are increasingly rich and full of personality.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D669.3;D669.6

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