中国特色社会主义制度的人性基础研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 23:08

本文选题：马克思主义人性 + 自然性　；参考：《山东师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：自改革开放后，中国特色社会主义建设取得了一系列举世瞩目的成就，随着中国特色社会主义制度的不断形成和深化，中国特色社会主义制度的内涵也逐渐清晰，内容得到了极大的丰富，在当代中国社会主义实践中得到检验，形成了强大的理论和现实优越性。马克思主义思想作为最科学、系统的科学理论体系，长期以来一直作为我国的指导思想而存在，作为马克思主义指导思想重要组成部分的马克思主义的人性思想，也要在建设中国特色社会主义事业过程中始终坚持。中国特色社会主义制度是一个全面系统的科学政治体系，由中国特色社会主义根本制度、基本制度和具体制度共同组成，涵盖根本政治制度、基本经济制度、中国特色社会主义法律体系、基本经济制度，以及建立在这些根本制度和基本制度之上的政治体制、文化体制、社会体制等具体制度。中国特色社会主义制度的人性思想基础反映了人对于自然环境的依赖，以及人的物质条件的需求，体现了制度的自然性基础；反映了人对于社会交往和社会归属性的需要，体现了中国特色社会主义制度的社会性基础；反映了人们对于精神文化生活的需要、社会核心价值和自我价值的追求，体现了中国特色社会主义制度对人的精神性需要的满足。马克思主义人性思想具有鲜明的特征，集中表现为从实践的角度出发，具体的、历史的、现实的分析人的自然性、社会性、精神性，这三部分在内容上紧密联系，环环相扣，构成了马克思主义人性论的内在逻辑性，也使得马克思主义人性论成为了科学的理论，从而更好的指导实践。实现了对人性的动态分析，从整体性上把握人性的本质，实现了研究的主体由概念化的“人”向有生命的、现实的“人”的转变。研究马克思主义人性思想不仅有利于理清马克思主义关于人的自然性、社会性、精神性的深刻含义，也是在新时期对马克思主义进行深入研究的重要切入点。马克思主义人性思想集理论意义与现实指导意义于一身，从人的自然性角度来说，人类的生产生活无不依赖于自然，自然界为人的生存和发展提供了最基本的物质生产资料，使人类得到了生命的发展和种族的延续，这就给人打上了自然性的烙印。从人的社会性角度来看，每个人都处在一定的社会关系之中，社会分工的细化和社会交往的扩大，促进了人与人之间的相互作用，形成了一定的社会角色、社会关系、承担起相应的社会责任和社会活动。从人的精神性角度来看，人的精神性不仅包括人的思维和意识，同时也涵盖了人的意志、情感、态度等高层次的精神需求。中国特色社会主义制度是一个发展中的制度，在具备巨大优越性的同时，，也有需要进一步完善的地方，主要体现在中国特色社会主义制度运行的体制机制仍有待完善，中国高特色社会主义制度人性作用的发挥仍有待深化，制度的制定与执行过程中的矛盾仍有待解决。针对中国特色社会主义制度的人性基础的优势与不足，我们必须加强社会主义民主政治建设、社会主义市场经济建设、社会主义先进文化建设、社会主义社会建设和社会主义生态文明建设，全面落实“五位一体”总体布局，充分发挥具有中国特色的制度优势，把马克思主义人性思想的科学性、先进性融入制度建设过程中。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics has made a series of remarkable achievements. With the continuous formation and deepening of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, the connotation of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics is gradually clear, the content has been greatly enriched, and it has been tested in the socialist practice of contemporary China and has formed a strong point. Marx's thought, as the most scientific and systematic scientific theory system, has been the guiding ideology of our country for a long time. As an important part of the guiding ideology of Marx, the Marx doctrine of human nature should also be firmly established in the course of building a socialist cause with Chinese characteristics. Hold.
The system of socialism with Chinese characteristics is a comprehensive and systematic scientific political system, which consists of the basic system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, the basic system and the specific system. It covers the fundamental political system, the basic economic system, the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, the basic economic system, and the basic system and basic system. The political system, the cultural system, the social system and so on. The human thought basis of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics reflects the human dependence on the natural environment, as well as the needs of the human material conditions, and reflects the natural basis of the system, reflecting the needs of the human society and the social belonging of the society. The socialistic foundation of the socialist system with characteristic state reflects people's need for spiritual and cultural life, the core value of society and the pursuit of self value, which embodies the satisfaction of the spiritual needs of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics.
Marx's human thought of human nature has distinct characteristics, which focuses on the analysis of human nature, sociality and spirit from the perspective of practice, specific, historical and realistic. These three parts are closely related to the content and are linked together, which constitute the inner logic of Marx's theory of sex and make the Marx doctrine of human nature. For the sake of scientific theory, so as to better guide the practice. It realizes the dynamic analysis of human nature, grasps the nature of human nature from the whole, and realizes the transformation of the subject of the study from the concept of "man" to the life and the real "man".
The study of Marx's thought of human nature is not only conducive to the understanding of the profound meaning of Marx's naturalism, sociality and spirit, but also the deep study of Marx's doctrine in the new period.
It is necessary to cut in point. The theoretical meaning of Marx's theory of human nature and the guiding significance of reality are in one. From the point of view of human nature, human production and life depend on nature, and nature provides the most basic material production material for human existence and development, which makes human beings get the development of life and the continuation of race. From the point of view of people's sociality, everyone is in a certain social relationship, the refinement of the social division of labor and the expansion of social communication, promoting the interaction between people and people, forming a certain social role, social relations, taking the corresponding social responsibility and social activities. From the point of view, human spirituality includes not only human thinking and consciousness, but also high level spiritual needs of people's will, emotion and attitude.
The system of socialism with Chinese characteristics is a developing system. At the same time, it has great superiority and needs further improvement. It is mainly reflected in the system and mechanism of the operation of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics still to be perfected. The contradictions in the implementation process still remain to be solved. In view of the advantages and disadvantages of the human basis of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, we must strengthen the construction of socialist democracy, socialist market economy, socialist advanced culture, socialist social construction and the construction of socialist ecological civilization, and fully implement the "five" The overall layout of the "one in one" will give full play to the institutional advantages of Chinese characteristics, and integrate the scientific and advanced nature of Marx's human thought into the process of the system construction.

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D61

【参考文献】