联合国气候变化框架公约下发展中国家的能力建设谈判回顾

发布时间：2018-04-29 11:16

  本文选题：能力建设 + 《巴黎协定》　； 参考：《气候变化研究进展》2017年03期

【摘要】：增强发展中国家能力建设是全球应对气候变化的重要前提条件,而在联合国气候变化框架公约(UNFCCC)的谈判进程中,能力建设部分一直进展缓慢。自缔约方第7次会(COP7)上确定了发展中国家能力建设框架后,能力建设的机制建设一直没有取得实质性进展。在巴黎气候变化大会(COP21)上,缔约方一致通过了《巴黎协定》。《巴黎协定》首次授权通过执行附属机构(SBI)建立巴黎能力建设委员会(PCCB)。该委员会将全面协调对发展中国家能力建设的支持,同时监管2016—2020年的能力建设工作计划,全面系统地促进和增强发展中国家应对气候变化的能力建设活动。另外,《巴黎协定》还同意建立透明度能力建设倡议(CBIT)用以增强2020年前后的机制和技术能力。随后,全球环境基金(GEF)为该倡议成立了CBIT信托基金。至此,公约下能力建设议题已经建立了相对完整的国际机制。未来议题的谈判将走向务实与细节。随着全球应对气候变化迈向一个新阶段,中国在能力建设议题的谈判上也应做相应的调整。
[Abstract]:Strengthening the capacity building of developing countries is an important prerequisite for the global response to climate change, and the capacity-building component has been slow in the negotiation process of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate change (UNFCCC). Since the establishment of the framework for capacity-building in developing countries at the Seventh meeting of the parties (cop 7), no substantial progress has been made in the institutional development of capacity-building. At the Paris Climate change Conference (COP21), the parties unanimously adopted the Paris Accords, which for the first time authorized the establishment of the Paris Capacity-Building Committee through the Executive subsidiary body (SBI). The Committee will fully coordinate support for capacity-building in developing countries, while overseeing the capacity-building work plan for 2016-2020 to comprehensively and systematically promote and enhance capacity-building activities in developing countries in response to climate change. In addition, the Paris Agreement agreed to establish the Transparency Capacity-Building Initiative (CBITs) to enhance institutional and technical capacity around 2020. Subsequently, the Global Environment Facility (GEF) established the CBIT Trust Fund for the initiative. Thus, a relatively complete international mechanism has been established for capacity-building under the Convention. Negotiations on future issues will be pragmatic and detailed. As the global response to climate change moves into a new phase, China should also adjust its capacity building agenda.
【作者单位】： 中国气象局国家气候中心;中国气象局科技与气候变化司;
【基金】：中国气象局气候变化创新团队气候变化决策支撑研究组和国家发改委国家应对气候变化专项“巴黎协定后续能力建设谈判及中国建议方案研究”
【分类号】：D815;P467
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本文编号：1819692