清代取士选官辨异

发布时间：2018-05-07 17:21

  本文选题：铨选 + 取士选官　； 参考：《学术研究》2017年11期

【摘要】：清代科举取士、铨选举官,两者虽同属选举,职司却明显分别。由于清代铨选多途并进,科举取士只是其中一途,取士与选官标准既相互联系,又有诸多差异。而且科甲出身者得缺,并不似既往人们以为的那样容易。终清一代,因满汉复职的设置以及保举与捐纳相伴而行,使得科甲出身者对官场的实际影响受限。此外,晚清因应变局,铨选标准新旧杂糅,朝野力促科举改革乃至停废,加之光宣之际实施"奖励学堂出身",导致后世诸多误解。科举与铨选两种制度的相互制约与影响,及其随社会变动而不断进行调整的事实,彰显出制度变革的复杂效应。
[Abstract]:The imperial examination in the Qing Dynasty, the election officer, although the two are elections, their functions are obviously different. Due to the multiple ways of selecting officials in the Qing Dynasty, the imperial examination was only one of them, and the standards of selecting officials were not only related to each other, but also had many differences. Moreover, it is not as easy as it used to be to have a man of KLA origin. In the late Qing Dynasty, due to the restoration of Manchu and Han Dynasty and the concomitant of patronage and donation, the actual influence of Ke Jia people on the official field was limited. In addition, in the late Qing Dynasty, in response to the changes, the standard of public election was mixed up with the old and the new, the government and the opposition urged the imperial examination to reform and even stopped the imperial examination, and the implementation of the "reward school background" at the time of light and propaganda led to many misunderstandings in later generations. The mutual restriction and influence of imperial examination and civil election, as well as the fact that they constantly adjust with social changes, reveal the complex effect of institutional change.
【作者单位】： 中山大学历史系;
【基金】：中山大学“三大建设”专项资助的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D691.3;K249
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本文编号：1857793