太空战争:国际安全的新视角

发布时间：2018-05-12 15:13

本文选题：航天技术 + 导弹与反导弹系统　；参考：《国际安全研究》2017年05期

【摘要】：随着军事航天技术迅速发展,太空军事化已成为不可阻挡的发展趋势。太空军事化主要表现为两方面:导弹和反导弹系统的矛盾较量和卫星与反卫星武器的矛盾较量。这两对矛盾不断激化而且相互交错,构成了未来发生"太空战争"的主要物质基础。从20世纪50年代甚至更早,导弹与反导弹系统的矛盾斗争就已开始,特别是在60年代中期,美苏展开了旨在"确保相互摧毁"的以洲际核弹道导弹为中心的军备竞赛。为了应对进攻性洲际弹道核导弹的发展,美苏在20世纪五六十年代相继开始研制和部署反弹道导弹防御系统。导弹与反导弹系统的矛盾较量从冷战时期一直延续下来,直至2017年"萨德"入韩在相关大国间引起激烈争端。1957年苏联发射第一颗人造卫星后,美苏迅速开始研制和发射军事卫星,卫星与反卫星武器的矛盾斗争也随之开始。1991年海湾战争中美国的军事卫星发挥了重要作用,以致这场战争被称为"最初的太空战争"。太空是在新科技革命强力驱动下发生深刻变化的国际安全战略新空间、新领域,我们必须高度重视关乎国家安全顶层设计的太空军事战略课题。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of military space technology, the militarization of space has become an irresistible trend. The militarization of space is mainly manifested in two aspects: the contradiction between missile and anti-missile system and the contradiction between satellite and anti-satellite weapon. These two pairs of contradictions continue to intensify and intersect each other, forming the main material basis for future space war. The conflict between missiles and anti-missile systems began in the 1950s and earlier, especially in the mid-1960s, when the United States and the Soviet Union launched an arms race centered on intercontinental nuclear ballistic missiles aimed at "ensuring mutual destruction." In order to cope with the development of offensive intercontinental ballistic missile, the United States and Soviet Union began to develop and deploy anti-ballistic missile defense system in 1950s and 1960s. The clash between missiles and anti-missile systems continued from the Cold War until 2017, when THAAD's entry into South Korea led to a bitter dispute among the major powers involved. After the Soviet Union launched its first artificial satellite in 1957, The United States and Soviet Union quickly began to develop and launch military satellites, and the conflict between satellites and anti-satellite weapons began. In 1991, the US military satellites played an important role in the Gulf War, so this war was called the "initial space war." Space is a new space of international security strategy, which is driven by the new science and technology revolution. In the new field, we must attach great importance to the military strategy of space which is related to the top-level design of national security.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院日本研究所;
【分类号】：D815.5

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