马克思主义大众化的途径与方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 19:29

本文选题：马克思主义 + 大众化　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：对马克思主义大众化的研究,学理学术层面较为精深,而实务实践方面则较有欠缺。为纠正重学理之偏,以“途径与方法”为视角,进行深入的理论研究和实践探讨,具有较强的现实意义。立足当代中国的现实境遇来客观评判,近些年来,马克思主义大众化确有较大进展亦取得不菲成绩,但也呈现出整体发展不均衡、运行效能偏低、官民冷热不均的现象。从马克思主义“三化”的大视角来看,马克思主义大众化与马克思主义中国化、时代化是辩证统一的有机整体,绝不可离开马克思主义中国化、时代化来空谈、虚谈马克思主义大众化;同时,马克思主义大众化问题的解答和难题的解决,将有力促进马克思主义中国化、时代化的实现,亦将使马克思主义中国化、时代化更加富有实践活力和生命张力。沿着从革命、建设到改革的纵向演进线索,截取理论创新、契合使命、重视民生、通俗话语、鲜活方法及思想交锋六个横断面,以分述其历史特点、有益做法为出发点,以夹叙夹议引出其固有的现实启迪为归结点,对拓展途径与方法推进马克思主义大众化的主要历史经验予以梳理和简析。时移世易,传统的途径与方法已面临着全新的格局,但仍蕴藏着值得开掘的现实价值,并借此发挥有益历史经验的当代功用。在汲取历史经验的基础上,遵循确立基本原则、聚焦重要途径、瞻望发展前景的思路,在明确指引、抓住重点、思虑未来中将论述层层展开。论文提出了以有效途径与方法推进马克思主义大众化的五大基本原则:即尊重人民群众历史主体地位、用群众中先进典型教育群众、从“小众”到“大众”逐步推进、区别对象的分众分类教育、在马克思主义“三化”战略视点中推进。这五大原则,是根本性原则、示范性原则、渐进性原则、层次性原则及整体性原则的有机统一,更成为了推进当代中国马克思主义大众化的重要遵循和宏观指引。论文的主体和重点是从精神旗帜、核心途径、话语体系、网络平台、当代经验及国际传播六个方面,对推进当代中国马克思主义大众化的重要现实途径与方法进行了较为充分的论述:其一,以中国梦及社会主义核心价值观为马克思主义大众化举旗定向。凭借话语体系的转换、真理力量与道德力量的合力推进、进到社会各层面的深广影响,实现中国梦与践行社会主义核心价值观为马克思主义大众化树起了聚集深厚人心、指明趋赴方向的精神旗帜。其二,在全面从严治党中同步推进马克思主义大众化。以思想理论建设打牢信仰支撑、以高压反腐优化政治环境、以党建实践机制创新增强保障力、以强化基层党建夯实组织基础,这四个方面呼应联动、相互支撑,共同构成了立足党建自身、全面从严治党统率下马克思主义大众化的核心途径。其三,以话语创新促进马克思主义中国化最新理论成果本身的大众化。在话语体系创新的多维动因中,中国优秀传统文化奠定历史前提、全面深化改革提供实践基础、摆脱西方话语体系束缚孕育重要契机、理论体系自身发展构成内部驱动。在话语体系创新实践中,习近平等在使用亲民话语、提倡平易文风、借助柔性叙事、活用历史典故、营造商谈语境、凸显时代气息等方面作出了独特性贡献。“习氏”风格的话语已渐渐内化为马克思主义中国化最新理论成果当代话语体系的风骨,并将在时间延续和理论发展中得到应有的沉淀和升华。其四,以强化网络宣传构建马克思主义大众化的新型平台。抓住中国从网络大国发展为网络强国的历史契机,突破西方网络话语霸权的重围,紧跟时代潮流,引领主流价值,打造专业化宣教队伍,以网民为本因人施策,巧用图像化的传播方式和精致化的网言网语,建设党员网络学习平台,督促政府在依法治网上履职尽责。只有充分、有效、规范地利用好网络公共话语空间,才能让马克思主义主动走进广大民众的日常生活、更好地契合人民群众的精神文化需求。其五,以典型实证分析总结马克思主义大众化的当代经验。《理论热点面对面》以其通俗性而见长,《共产党员手机报》以巧用网络新媒体而取胜,“长沙地铁廉政主题文化站”以提供红色公共文化产品而显优,三个现实例证,折射当代经验:推进马克思主义大众化,应把理论性与通俗性紧相结合,应将传统媒体与新媒体深度融汇,应让党的创新理论走出书斋、打开面向民众的社会窗口。其六,以开辟多元途径促进马克思主义中国化最新理论成果的对外传播。为此:应将中国梦作为标示性符号,加强官方海外宣讲的力度,拓宽民间人文交流的渠道,巧借新媒体、短视频以增强对外吸引力等。总之,加强国际传播能力和对外话语体系建设,在国际舞台上讲好“中国故事”、传递好“中国声音”,也理应成为当代中国马克思主义大众化的必然选项与宏远战略。以上六个方面现实途径的重点阐释和集中论述,从历史跨越到现实,从党的建设再到其他方面的建设,从理论阐述进到实证分析,从传统媒体转向网络新媒体,从现实社会贯通虚拟社会,从国内辐射到国际,借此不仅实现了学术性与现实性更紧密的耦合,更在理性探讨中构建起了一个由多维路径组成的当代中国马克思主义大众化的实践体系。展望未来,既前途漫漫又信心满满,马克思主义大众化将获得经济基础、政治环境及文化软实力方面的更好现实条件,马克思主义中国化最新理论成果将伴随民生问题的根本解决更加深入人心、将在多元途径的力拓深耕中更具国际渗透力和影响力。承载传播马克思主义理论之使命,紧握中国特色社会主义理论体系走向大众之运命,只要把准时代的脉搏,只要贴近民众的实际需求,马克思主义大众化途径与方法的创新就会始终生机勃勃,永具无限可能性。
[Abstract]:The study of the popularization of Marx doctrine is more profound in academic academic level and less in practice and practice. In order to correct the deviation of the theory of heavy science and take "ways and methods" as the angle of view, it is of great practical significance to carry out in-depth theoretical research and practice. The popularization of Marx's doctrine has made great progress and remarkable achievements, but it also presents the phenomenon of unbalance development, low operational efficiency and unequal cold and heat of officials and people. From the perspective of "three" of Marx doctrine, the popularization of Marx doctrine and the Sinicization of Marx doctrine, the epoch is an organic whole that is dialectical and unifying. From the Sinicism of Marx's doctrine, the epoch has made empty talk and talked about the popularization of Marx's doctrine. At the same time, the solution of the question of the popularization of Marx's doctrine and the solution of the difficult problems will promote the Sinicization of Marx's doctrine and the realization of the times, and will also make the Marx doctrine sinicized, the epoch more rich in practical vitality and the tension of life. Revolution, construction to the clue of the longitudinal evolution of reform, intercepting theoretical innovation, meeting mission, attaching importance to the people's livelihood, popular discourse, living methods and thinking in six cross sections, taking its historical characteristics and beneficial practice as the starting point, and introducing its inherent realistic enlightenment as the settlement point with the narration, and promoting the Marx doctrine of the way and method of expansion. The main historical experience of popularization has been combed and analyzed. The traditional ways and methods have been faced with a new pattern, but it still contains the practical value worth digging and taking advantage of the useful historical experience. On the basis of drawing historical experience, we should follow the basic principles, focus on the important ways and look forward to the development. The thinking of the prospect, in the clear guidance, to grasp the key point, to consider the future discussion will be spread out. The thesis puts forward five basic principles of promoting the popularization of Marx doctrine with effective ways and methods: respecting the status of the people's main body of history, using the advanced and typical educational masses among the masses, advancing gradually from the "small crowd" to "the public", and the difference between the masses. The classification education of the object is promoted in the "three" strategic point of view of the Marx doctrine. These five principles are the fundamental principle, the demonstration principle, the progressive principle, the hierarchical principle and the holistic principle, which have become the important following and macroscopic guidance to promote the popularization of the contemporary Chinese Marx doctrine. The focus is from six aspects of the Spiritual Banner, the core approach, the discourse system, the network platform, the contemporary experience and the international communication. The important practical ways and methods to promote the popularization of Marx's doctrine in contemporary China are fully discussed. First, the Chinese dream and the core values of the social principle are directed by the banner of Marx's mass. With the transformation of the discourse system, the combination of the force of truth and the moral force, and the deep and extensive influence of the social level, the realization of the Chinese dream and the practice of the socialist core values have gathered the heart of the popular tree of Marx's doctrine and pointed out the Spiritual Banner of the direction. Secondly, to promote Mark in a comprehensive and strict administration of the party. The four aspects of the four aspects, namely, the ideological and theoretical construction, the strengthening of the political environment with high pressure and anti corruption, the strengthening of the political environment with the practice mechanism of the party building, and the consolidation of the foundation for the consolidation of the party building at the grass-roots level, which should be linked and supported by each other, constitute the Marx mass under the party building itself and the overall strict administration of the party. Thirdly, to promote the popularization of the latest theoretical results of the Sinicization of Marx by discourse innovation. In the multi-dimensional motivation of the innovation of the discourse system, the Chinese excellent traditional culture lays the historical premise, deepens the reform to provide the practical basis, and gets rid of the important turning point of the western discourse system, and the theoretical system itself is issued. In the practice of the innovation of the discourse system, Xi Jinping has made a unique contribution to the use of the discourse of the people, the advocacy of the gentle style, the use of the flexible narrative, the use of historical allusions, the creation of the context of the talk, and the highlight of the atmosphere of the times. The discourse of "Xi" style has gradually been internalized as the latest theory of the Sinicization of Marx doctrine. The wind and bone of the contemporary discourse system will get the due precipitation and sublimation in time continuity and theory development. Fourthly, in order to strengthen the network propaganda to build a new platform for the popularization of Marx doctrine, seize the historical opportunity of China's development from a network country to a powerful network power, break through the heavy fence of the hegemony of the western network discourse, and follow the trend of the times. Leading the mainstream value, creating the professional propaganda and education team, using the netizens as the policy, skillfully using the image communication mode and the refined net language, building the network learning platform of the party members, and supervising the government to perform their duties on the Internet according to the law. Only the full, effective and standardized use of the network public discourse space can the Marx doctrine master be made. Move into the daily life of the masses, better fit the spiritual and cultural needs of the people. Fifthly, a typical empirical analysis of the contemporary experience of the popularization of Marx doctrine. In order to provide the red public cultural products, three practical examples reflect the contemporary experience: to promote the popularization of Marx doctrine, we should combine the theory with the popularity, and integrate the traditional media with the new media. We should let the party's innovation theory go out of the book and open the social window facing the people. Six, in order to open up a multi path. To promote the foreign communication of the latest theoretical results of Marx's sinicization, the Chinese dream should be regarded as a symbol of the Chinese dream, to strengthen the strength of the official overseas propaganda, to broaden the channels of the folk cultural communication, to borrow new media, to enhance the attraction of the foreign language, to strengthen the international communication ability and the construction of the foreign discourse system. On the stage, the "Chinese story" is well told and the "Chinese voice" is well transmitted. It should also be the inevitable option and the grand strategy of the popularization of Marx's doctrine in contemporary China. The above six aspects of the realistic way are explained and concentrated, from the history to the reality, from the construction of the party to other aspects, and from the theory to the theory. The empirical analysis, from the traditional media to the network new media, from the real society to the virtual society, from the domestic radiation to the international, not only realizes the closer coupling between the academic and the realistic, but also constructs a practical system of the contemporary Chinese Marx doctrine in the rational discussion. With a long and full of confidence, the popularization of Marx doctrine will obtain the better realistic conditions for the economic foundation, the political environment and the soft strength of the culture. The latest theoretical results of the Marx doctrine China will be more deeply rooted in the root of the people's livelihood issues, and will have more international penetration and influence in the plural Rio Tinto. Force. Carrying the mission of spreading the theory of Marx's doctrine, grasping the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics to the destiny of the masses, as long as the pulse of the quasi times, as long as it is close to the practical needs of the people, the innovation of the ways and methods of the popularization of Marx doctrine will always be full of vitality and infinite possibility.

【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D61

【参考文献】