冷战后瑞典社会民主党的革新演变

发布时间：2018-06-04 20:44

本文选题：瑞典社会民主党 + 理论反思　；参考：《上海社会科学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：瑞典社会民主党是北欧地区左翼政党的主要代表,在整个欧洲政坛有着举足轻重的重要地位。自诞生以来,它就处在不断的发展变革中,是一个锐意改革和不断进取的党。冷战后瑞典社会民主党在政坛上的沉浮变化及进行的革新演变不是偶然,而是在特殊的时代背景下进行的,是复杂的国际、国内和党自身因素综合作用的结果。国际上,瑞典社会民主党正处于冷战结束、全球化一体化及信息化加速推进、后物质主义价值观兴起的形势之下；国内,党面临着社会结构变化、与工会关系日益疏远、生存空间受到右翼政党挤压、移民社会问题凸现的新现实；党内,则有着意识形态迷茫、政策主张模糊、组织执行力减弱的党情。正因为世情国情党情的变化,瑞典社会民主党深受影响,长期执政的地位优势已成明日黄花。这让它认识到,已经到了必须变革的时刻。理论、政策和策略是冷战后瑞典社会民主党革新演变的基本内容。冷战后,瑞典社会民主党不曾停止前进的脚步,一直继续探索具有瑞典特色、适合瑞典国情的革新之路。理论上,经过深刻的反思,党对自身发展有了新的定位与认识,放弃了自己是工人阶级政党的传统立场,强调自己是跨越社会各阶层和集团的党。同时,在坚持社会民主主义核心价值的根本原则不变、对其具体思想内涵做适当修正的基础上,党对社会主义进行了深度思考：重新阐释了社会主义的奋斗目标,决定在名称上淡化社会主义色彩,更多的从抽象的意义上、从伦理道德的角度去谈论和描述社会主义的内涵。而从最新修订的党纲中,可以看到,在该党发展的未来,多元的价值、包容的思想、民主的方式、绿色的发展会是新的趋势。政策上,该党继续推动企业的创新与改革,以促进经济增长；鼓励研究与开发,加大科研投入,优化产业结构；倡导建立绿色经济来实现可持续发展。同时,还在教育、移民、福利、就业与劳动等方面做了大幅度调整。策略上,为迎合选民需求与提高支持率,该党在宣传、组织、竞选三个方面进行了全面变革。它积极改善与媒体的关系,利用大众传播媒介宣传自己；不断完善成员结构与加强自身建设,促使政党职能有效发挥；还通过选定充满魅力的领袖与设立专门的竞选机构来为上台执政保驾护航。经过20余年的不懈努力,冷战后瑞典社会民主党革新演变的成效较为明显。虽然从总体上来看,全球化、移民、极右势力等难题仍旧摆在瑞典社会民主党面前,亟待解决。但通过革新演变,该党适应了全球化、信息化的新形势,有效应对了来自党内外诸多问题的挑战,显示出强大的生命力和在未来可喜的上升势头。不仅迎来了新一轮的执政,还将继续是欧洲政坛具有代表性的左翼力量。瑞典社会民主党在冷战后的革新演变主要有三大特点,即理论反思迎合了时代发展、政策主张日趋务实、策略方针注重扩大党的开放性。此外,党的革新演变是一种理论与实践相结合的转型探索,既是党内理论家关于价值导向、政策主张和策略方针的设计构想,也是社民党在实践中将理论设想转化为切切实实的改革举措。正因为在政策推行与策略指导上有理论支撑,党才得以走出发展的萎靡期,推动社会经济跨上新的台阶；也正因为有具体的实践举措,该党的理论纲领方可及时拾遗补缺,更为详实贴切。总之,冷战后瑞典社会民主党的理论革新演变实践不仅让社会民主主义重拾了信心,也为探索新时期社会民主主义的变革和转型提供了一种可资借鉴的模式,对其他国家左翼力量在新时代进行变革具有参考意义和启示意义。
[Abstract]:The Swedish Social Democratic Party is the main representative of the left - wing political party in the northern Europe region , and plays an important role in the whole European politics .
In China , the Party is confronted with the social structure change , the relationship with the trade union is increasingly alienated , the living space is being squeezed by right - wing political party , and the immigrant social problem is a new reality ;
On the basis of the change of the Party ' s situation and the change of the Party ' s situation , the social democratic party of Sweden has been deeply influenced and the status of the long - term ruling has become the basic content of the evolution of the Swedish Social Democratic Party .
Encourage research and development , increase scientific research input and optimize industrial structure ;
It advocates the establishment of a green economy to achieve sustainable development . At the same time , it has done a great adjustment in education , migration , welfare , employment and labor . In order to meet the needs of voters and increase the support rate , the party has undergone a comprehensive change in propaganda , organization and election campaign . It actively improves relations with the media and uses the mass media to propagate themselves ;
The continuous improvement of the structure of the members and the strengthening of their own construction have led to the effective functioning of the functions of the political parties ;
After 20 years of unremitting efforts , the achievements of the reform and evolution of the Swedish Social Democratic Party in the post - cold - war era are still in front of the Swedish Social Democratic Party .
In conclusion , the theory innovation and evolution of the Swedish Social Democratic Party in the post - cold - war period not only brought the social democracy to regain confidence , but also provided a model for reference for the exploration of the transformation and transformation of social democracy in the new period , which has reference significance and inspiration to the change of the left - wing forces of other countries in the new era .
【学位授予单位】：上海社会科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D753.2

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