严寒地区村镇养老模式及养老设施规划策略研究

发布时间：2018-06-05 10:02

本文选题：严寒地区 + 村镇养老模式　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：人口老龄化是我国政府和社会面临的重大挑战之一,在城乡二元格局长期影响下,我国村镇地区在养老制度保障、规范标准引导以及人、财、物供应能力等方面相比城市地区均较为薄弱,养老设施规划一直处于村镇规划中被忽视地位,相关服务与设施供给显著滞后。严寒地区村镇受气候与区位等因素制约,其养老设施的发展建设相对于我国其他村镇地区更为缺失,老年人养老支持十分薄弱,研究严寒地区村镇养老模式和养老设施的规划策略具有重要意义。本文的研究以国内外城乡现有的养老模式和养老设施规划理论与实践作为参考依据,首先对其进行综述梳理,分析可借鉴与不足之处,概述老年人特征与需求、村镇老年人养老的主要类型与提供方式、养老设施的供给方式、相关规范标准及配置方式,为后续调查分析、策略研究提供理论支撑。其次,针对严寒地区村镇老年人养老的整体状况进行调查分析,通过实地调查和问卷访谈的方式,对四省份6村镇进行分析,概括调研村镇基本概况、老龄化特征,提炼养老方式和养老设施的现状特征,并结合调研内容分析村镇老年人对养老方式的选择、对养老设施与服务的需求,对现有问题进行剖析。再次,综合实地调研所得分析结论、现有研究及规范内容,按照“养老模式—养老设施规划配置—养老设施布局”逐步推进的方式,在模式体系方面,提出适用于严寒地区村镇的“3+X”养老模式及配比适用性;在设施体系方面,承接养老模式,提出具有严寒地区村镇特色的养老设施类别体系,并根据村镇行政级别、人口规模等因素,确定设施分级,针对现有规范要求与空白之处,借鉴分析国内外养老设施配置的规模、指标研究,通过规范定量、类比定量等方法得到适宜的配置规模与指标,整体形成设施体系;在布局层面,结合严寒地区村镇的空间分布特征和每类养老设施的布局要求,提出包括选址原则、组合方式与布局模式在内的体系布局内容。最后,针对各模式及设施规划重点提出针对性规划策略。规划严寒地区村镇养老模式和养老设施,不仅要注重其在村镇地区的适用性,还要紧密结合村镇老年人特有的生产、生活特征及其需求意愿,保持配置的人本化。不仅要保证养老模式和养老设施规划的合理性,还要考虑其管理运营问题,从而保障其可以获得良性发展。论文最终提出具有严寒地区特色的村镇养老设施配置体系与布局模式,并提出与运营相关的综合保障策略,以促进村镇养老设施的长远发展。
[Abstract]:The aging of the population is one of the major challenges facing the government and the society. Under the long-term impact of the two yuan pattern in urban and rural areas, China's village and town areas are relatively weak in the old-age system protection, standard standard guidance, people, money and material supply capacity, and so on. The pension plan has been neglected in the village and town planning. The rural towns and towns in severe cold areas are limited by the factors such as climate and location, and the development and construction of their pension facilities are more deficient than other villages and towns in China, and the elderly support for the elderly is very weak. Based on the existing old-age mode and pension facilities planning theory and practice of urban and rural areas both at home and abroad as a reference basis, first of all, a summary is made, and the characteristics and needs of the elderly, the main types and methods of providing for the elderly in villages and towns, the supply mode of the old-age facilities, the standard standards and the configuration side of the old people in the villages and towns are analyzed. In order to provide theoretical support for the follow-up investigation and analysis, strategy research provides theoretical support. Secondly, according to the investigation and analysis of the overall status of the elderly in the villages and towns in the severe cold areas, through the field investigation and questionnaire interview, the paper analyzes the 6 villages and towns in four provinces, and summarizes the basic situation of the villages and towns, the characteristics of aging, the extraction of the old-age mode and the pension facilities. According to the research content, it analyzes the selection of old people for the aged and the needs of the old-age facilities and services, and analyzes the existing problems. In the mode system, the "3+X" pension model and the proportioning applicability suitable for the villages and towns in the severe cold areas are put forward. In the facilities system, taking the old-age mode, putting forward the old-age facilities category system with the characteristics of the village and town in the cold area, and determining the classification of the facilities according to the administrative level of the villages and towns, the scale of the human mouth and so on. The requirements and blanks are used for reference and analysis of the scale of the configuration of domestic and foreign facilities for the aged, the study of the index, and the suitable configuration scale and index through the standard quantitative and analogical quantitative methods. In the end, this paper puts forward the targeted planning strategies for various modes and facilities planning. Planning for the old-age mode and facilities for villages and towns in cold areas should not only pay attention to their applicability in the villages and towns, but also closely combine the unique production and life characteristics of the old people in villages and towns. It should not only guarantee the rationality of the old-age mode and the planning of the old-age facilities, but also consider its management and operation, so as to ensure its good development. Combined support strategy to promote the long-term development of village and township pension facilities.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6;TU982.29

【参考文献】