中国特色协商民主的实现形式和发展路径

发布时间：2018-06-07 02:07

本文选题：协商民主 + 中国特色　；参考：《中共江苏省委党校》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：20世纪80年代,西方学者针对代议制民主存在的弊端,提出了协商民主的思想,一种新的民主形式逐渐传播开来。协商民主不拘泥于代议制民主中的选举投票的形式,而是在信息公开透明、人格平等的基础上自由提出观点、参与讨论,通过协商的方式最终达成共识,进而影响最终的公共决策,从而为公民参与政治生活提供了新的方式。21世纪初,哈贝马斯访华,将协商民主思想传播到中国,引发了国内学者的高度关注。十余年来,国内相关学者对协商民主思想进行了系统的归纳和梳理,并结合中国国情,不断摸索适合我国发展的协商民主理论。本文介绍了中国特色协商民主的实现形式和发展路径两大问题。引言部分对选题背景及意义以及协商民主研究现状进行了介绍,对本文所采取的主要研究方法和主要内容做出了说明。第一部分是中国特色协商民主理论概述。这一部分通过对中西方协商民主涵义的对比论述了协商民主的涵义,旨在指出西方协商民主和中国特色协商民主的区别和内在联系。进而,又分析了中西方协商民主其它方面的共同点和不同点。这一部分通过对中西方协商民主进行比较,旨在探寻中国特色协商民主的特点和价值,同时也体现了本文选题的必要性和可行性。第二部分介绍了中国特色协商民主的价值。主要从公民的政治参与、政府建设以及社会稳定等三个方面分析总结了中国协商民主的价值。这一部分旨在说明:协商民主在中国的存在、发展是必要的、有意义的,我们应该大力发展协商民主,积极挖掘其更深层的价值。第三部分介绍了中国特色协商民主的实现形式,主要从党际协商层面、国家制度层面和基层社会层面三个层面进行了分析。其中,党际协商层面有参政议政和民主监督两种主要形式;国家制度层面有人民代表大会制度和政治协商会议制度两种主要形式;基层社会层面有民主听证会、工资集体协商制度、民主恳谈会和居民议事会等四种主要形式。通过对这些实现形式的分析,说明了中国在各个层面的政治生活中都蕴含着丰富的协商民主因素,协商民主实践在中国遍地开花。第四部分介绍了中国特色协商民主目前主要存在的问题,主要从协商性政治文化薄弱、人民政协的政治协商功能未能充分发挥以及政治协商机制的不健全三个方面进行了分析,为下文提出相应的发展路径作好了铺垫。第五部分针对第四部分分析的协商民主存在的问题,尝试着探索中国特色协商民主的发展路径,主要从协商文化的塑造、政治主体的建设和协商制度的完善等三个方面进行了分析。这些实践路径为中国特色协商民主的发展提供了思路,指明了方向。经过分析论证,本文旨在表明:协商民主思想适宜在中国发展,它的形成得益于中国政治实践的不断摸索。中国特色协商民主的实现形式多种多样,发展路径丰富多彩,对于我国的民主政治发展已经并将继续产生重大影响,发展前景广阔。
[Abstract]:In 1980s, the western scholars put forward the idea of consultation democracy in view of the shortcomings of representative democracy, and a new form of democracy gradually spread. Consultative democracy was not confined to the form of voting in representative democracy, but was free to put forward views on the basis of open and transparent information and flat personality. The way of consultation finally reached consensus and then influenced the final public decision-making, thus providing a new way for citizens to participate in political life in the early.21 century. Habermas visited China and spread the democratic thought of consultation to China. It has aroused the high attention of domestic scholars. For more than ten years, the relevant domestic scholars have systematically carried out the deliberative democratic thought. Summarizing and combing, and combining with the national conditions of China, we continue to explore the consultative democratic theory suitable for the development of our country. This paper introduces the two major issues of the form and path of the Chinese characteristic consultative democracy. The introduction introduces the background and significance of the topic and the status of the consultative Democratic research, and the main research methods and main methods adopted in this article. The first part is the outline of the theory of consultative democracy with Chinese characteristics. This part expounds the meaning of consultative democracy through the comparison of the meaning of consultative democracy between China and the west, and aims to point out the differences and internal relations between the Western consultative democracy and the consultative democracy with Chinese characteristics. And then, the other aspects of the Consultative Democracy between China and the West are analyzed. In the second part, the second part introduces the value of the negotiated democracy with Chinese characteristics, mainly from the political participation of the citizens, the construction of the government and the society. The value of China's consultative democracy is analyzed and summed up in three aspects. This part is to explain that the development of consultative democracy in China is necessary and meaningful. We should vigorously develop consultative democracy and actively excavate its deeper value. The third part introduces the realization form of the Chinese characteristic consultative democracy, mainly from the party. The interparty consultation level, the national level and the grass-roots level of the social level three levels are analyzed. Among them, the interparty consultation level has two main forms of participation in political affairs and democratic supervision; there are two main forms of the people's Congress system and the Political Consultative Conference System at the level of the national system; there are democratic hearings and wage collectives at the grass-roots level. The four main forms of consultative system, democratic negotiation and resident Council. Through the analysis of these forms of realization, it shows that China has rich consultative democratic factors in all levels of political life, and the democratic practice of consultative democracy has flourish throughout China. The fourth part has introduced the main existence of the consultative democracy with Chinese characteristics. The problem is mainly from three aspects, namely, the weak negotiated political culture, the failure of the political consultation function of the people's Political Consultative Conference and the unsound of the political consultation mechanism, and the paving for the corresponding development path below. The fifth part tries to explore China for the problems of the consultative democracy in the fourth part of the analysis. The development path of the characteristic consultative democracy is analyzed mainly from three aspects, namely, the molding of consultative culture, the construction of the political subject and the perfection of the consultation system. These practical paths provide a way of thinking and direction for the development of Chinese characteristic consultative democracy. After analysis and demonstration, this article aims to show that the democratic thought of consultation is suitable in China. Development, its formation is due to the continuous exploration of Chinese political practice. The realization forms of the Chinese characteristic consultative democracy are varied, the path of development is rich and colorful, and it will have great influence on our country's democratic political development and have a broad prospect of development.
【学位授予单位】：中共江苏省委党校
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D621

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