和谐社会视野下的我国养老服务问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 11:06

本文选题：养老服务 + 家庭和谐　；参考：《中共中央党校》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：养老服务问题与我们每一个人息息相关,关系整个社会的稳定,关系每个家庭的和谐。自本世纪初我国进入人口老龄化社会以来,由于人口基数大,老龄化的迅速发展,整个人口结构逐渐老化,使我国老年人口的数量逐渐增多,养老服务问题便成为经济社会发展中的难题。我国人口老龄化与其他国家相比有自己的特色,经济发展与人口老龄化发展水平不相适应,城乡二元结构不平衡等特点,为养老服务问题的解决带来许多困难。目前我国主要养老方式是居家养老,社区养老和社会养老,即机构养老,而这三种主要养老模式的发展却面临着不同程度的困境与挑战:“空巢老人”的增多,居家养老风险性增大,社区养老刚起步,发展不完善,社会养老机构数量不足,出现“一位难求”现象。这些问题的妥善解决关系每个人的幸福,关系每个家庭的和谐、社会的安定。党的十八届五中全会通过的《建议》,提出了十三五时期积极开展应对人口老龄化行动,建设以居家为基础,社区为依托、机构为补充的多层次养老服务体系的一系列重大政策举措,为养老服务问题的解决提供方向。那么如何促进多层次养老服务体系的发展,是本文思考的问题。笔者从养老服务问题的现状出发,在构建社会主义和谐社会的大环境下,从和谐家庭的发展,和谐社区的构建,和谐社会的建设这三个方面分别提出相应的措施,在整个大和谐社会的背景下为养老服务问题的解决提供途径。本文采用文献研究法,通过图书馆、期刊论文检索系统以及互联网等各种搜索查询渠道,对相关已有的研究文献和资料进行较为全面的,合理的搜集与整理。通过文献研究,与养老有关的问题进行梳理,从中获得并了解相关的研究成果、数据资料,进而分析我国人口老龄化的现状,发展趋势,特点以及对社会的影响。接着分析在人口老龄化的背景下我国目前的养老现状,并指出存在的问题和挑战。通过比较研究法,从日本、美国这两个发达国家在人口老龄化发展过程中积累的养老经验中得出对我国解决养老问题的有益启示。最后归纳总结,从大和谐社会背景下的和谐家庭的建设,和谐社区的建设,和谐社会的建设来促进养家养老、社区养老和社会养老的发展和完善。本文的可能创新之处是将养老服务问题的解决从三个方面分别给予相应的措施,从新的角度提出对养老现状的分析和问题解决方法,通过大的社会环境的发展和完善,促进养老服务问题的解决。
[Abstract]:The problem of old-age service is closely related to each of us, the stability of the whole society and the harmony of every family. Since China entered the aging society at the beginning of this century, due to the large population base and the rapid development of the aging population, the whole population structure has gradually aged, which has gradually increased the number of the elderly population in our country. Pension service has become a difficult problem in the economic and social development. Compared with other countries, China's aging population has its own characteristics, economic development and population aging development level does not adapt to the characteristics of urban and rural dual structure imbalance, which brings a lot of difficulties to solve the problem of old-age service. At present, the main ways of providing for the aged in our country are home, community and society, that is, institutional old-age care. However, the development of these three main pension modes is faced with various difficulties and challenges: the increase of "empty-nest elderly". Home endowment risk increases, community pension just started, development is not perfect, the number of social pension institutions is insufficient, there is a "hard to seek" phenomenon. The proper solution of these problems relates to the happiness of everyone, the harmony of every family and the stability of society. The "recommendations" adopted by the Fifth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee put forward the following: in the 13th Five-Year Plan period, we should actively carry out the action to deal with the aging of the population and build a home-based and community-based approach. The institution provides the direction for solving the problem of pension service by a series of important policy measures to supplement the multi-level pension service system. So how to promote the development of multi-level pension service system, is the question that this article thinks. Starting from the current situation of the service for the aged, the author puts forward corresponding measures from the following three aspects: the development of harmonious family, the construction of harmonious community and the construction of harmonious society under the general environment of building a harmonious socialist society. Under the background of the whole harmonious society, it provides a way to solve the problem of old-age service. This article adopts the literature research method, through the library, the periodical paper retrieval system and the Internet and so on various search and inquiry channels, carries on the relatively comprehensive, reasonable collection and the arrangement to the correlation existing research literature and the material. Through literature research, the problems related to the aged are combed out, from which we can obtain and understand the relevant research results and data, and then analyze the current situation, the development trend, the characteristics and the impact on the society of the aging population in our country. Then it analyzes the current situation of the aged in China under the background of aging population, and points out the problems and challenges. By means of comparative research, this paper draws some useful enlightenment to solve the problem of the aged in China from the experience accumulated in the aging of the population in the two developed countries, Japan and the United States. Finally, from the harmonious family construction, the harmonious community construction, the harmonious society construction under the big harmonious society background, the harmonious society construction to promote the support family pension, the community old-age support and the social endowment development and the consummation. The possible innovation of this paper is to give corresponding measures to solve the problem of old-age service from three aspects, and to put forward the analysis of the current situation of the aged and the solution of the problem from a new angle, through the development and improvement of the large social environment. To promote the solution of the problem of old-age service.
【学位授予单位】：中共中央党校
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D669.6

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