论德国处理地区冲突事件的政策

发布时间：2018-06-15 00:32

本文选题：德国 + 地区冲突　；参考：《广东外语外贸大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：冷战结束,联邦德国与民主德国合并,德国再次实现统一。统一后的德国,延续了联邦德国与美国等西方国家同一阵营的立场,同时德国也在努力寻求外交“正常化”的道路,希望能以一个独立主权国家参与到国际事务中,并且能够承担更多的国际责任,从而提高德国在国际社会中的政治大国地位。然而,德国在不同的地区冲突事件中采取了不同的态度,有时候积极介入地区冲突的解决,有时候采取比较消极的态度。例如,在科索沃战争、阿富汗战争、乌克兰危机问题上,德国积极介入;在伊拉克战争、利比亚危机、叙利亚危机问题上,德国采取比较消极、谨慎的态度。总结起来,在西方盟国明确表态的情况下,德国大多比较积极地介入地区冲突,特别是在统一前十年时间,这一特征较为明显;其次,对于涉及德国利益的,诸如主要打击恐怖主义的阿富汗战争,德国也会积极介入;再次,在联合国安理会框架内、在非军事打击层面,德国会积极介入地区冲突,典型代表事件为乌克兰危机。但是德国并不总是那么积极地介入地区冲突,这主要是受到了德国实力地位上升和德国社会价值观的影响。德国实力越强,对外政策独立性就越强,介入地区冲突就越慎重,在处理地区冲突时,德国希望维护自己的国家利益,希望保持独立性,不愿意积极追随其他大国。另外,德国社会的价值观和理念也在发挥作用,并通过选举政治,削弱德国介入地区冲突的积极性。民众由于深受两次世界大战的折磨,深知战争带来的苦难,因此更倾向于选择不介入地区冲突,因为选举时期,政党需要争取民众的选票,这样就使政治家谨慎地对待地区冲突。
[Abstract]:At the end of the Cold War, the Federal Republic of Germany merged with the Democratic Republic of Germany, and Germany was reunited again. After reunification, Germany has continued the position of the same camp as the United States and the United States. At the same time, Germany is also trying to find a way to "normalize" its diplomacy, hoping to participate in international affairs with an independent sovereign state. And can take on more international responsibilities, thus enhancing Germany's status as a political power in the international community. However, Germany has adopted different attitudes in different regional conflicts, sometimes taking an active part in the settlement of regional conflicts, and sometimes taking a more negative attitude. For example, Germany is actively involved in the war in Kosovo, the war in Afghanistan, the crisis in Ukraine, the war in Iraq, the crisis in Libya, and the crisis in Syria. To sum up, under the circumstances when the Western allies have clearly stated their position, most of Germany has been more actively involved in regional conflicts, especially in the ten years before reunification, which is a more obvious feature. Secondly, for those involving German interests, Germany will also be actively involved in the war against terrorism in Afghanistan. Thirdly, within the framework of the UN Security Council and at the level of non-military strikes, Germany will actively participate in regional conflicts, typical of which is the crisis in Ukraine. But Germany is not always so actively involved in regional conflicts, mainly due to the rise of German power and German social values. The stronger Germany is, the more independent its foreign policy is, and the more prudent it is to intervene in regional conflicts. In dealing with regional conflicts, Germany hopes to safeguard its national interests, to maintain its independence, and not to actively follow other big powers. In addition, the values and ideas of German society are also playing a role, and through election politics, Germany's initiative to intervene in regional conflicts is weakened. Because the people are deeply afflicted by the two world wars and well aware of the suffering caused by the war, they prefer not to be involved in regional conflicts, because during the election period, political parties need to win the people's votes. This makes politicians cautious about regional conflicts.
【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D751.6

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