东莞S社区空巢老人居家养老社会支持问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-21 04:43

本文选题：空巢老人 + 社区居家养老　；参考：《南昌大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：自20世纪后半期,我国逐步进入人口老龄化阶段,相对于国外成熟的养老模式,我国完整的社会养老保障体系尚未建立；加上我国人口基数大,老龄化人口位居世界第一,国家未能拥有足够多的资金应对众多老年人的养老需求。其次,由于社会经济现代化、家庭规模小型化以及人口结构的转变,传统的家庭养老模式已经不能满足养老需求,中国所面临的养老问题也日益突出,这一社会问题也引起了社会各界的关注和探索,因此,不断改革并完善我国养老模式势在必行。东莞作为经济水平发展较高的城市之一,也面临着人口老龄化和空巢化带来的严峻挑战。本文以东莞S社区空巢老人为研究对象,通过拜访以及问卷调查法,详要了解该地区养老工作的基本情况。发现存在的问题主要有：在经济供养方面,空巢老人经济收入水平偏低,并且其医疗保健方面的支持力度不够；在生活照料方面,子女无法全面照顾老年人,且社区医疗保健服务体系不完善；在精神慰藉方面,空巢老人经常会感到孤独和失落,生活单调导致老年人缺少生活乐趣。由于缺少正式部门监管,且法律执行力度不够；非正式支持组织力量薄弱、社区服务发展缓慢、家庭养老功能正在逐渐弱化、以及老年人寻求社会支持的意识不强等因素造成的。根据目前我国养老体系的现状和借鉴国内外其他地区的先进经验,就解决东莞S社区养老问题提出相关对策建议,以帮助空巢老人得到实际的物质帮助和精神慰藉。国家首先应出台政策提供保障,完善相关法律和制度；其次是应充分发挥社区的作用,利用一切资源,建设专业化的队伍,完善医疗服务体系解决老人的身体健康后顾之忧；在精神方面,大力宣传关照老人精神健康,通过社会和家庭的共同努力丰富其文化生活,开展娱乐休闲聚会活动,加强社区老人间的沟通和帮助,以及通过专业化队伍对精神抑郁的老人进行开导,以此满足空巢老人的情感需求,充分利用社会支持,完善我国养老模式。
[Abstract]:Since the second half of the 20th century, China has gradually entered the stage of population aging. Compared with the mature pension model abroad, China's complete social old-age security system has not yet been established. In addition, China's population base is large, and the aging population ranks first in the world. The state does not have enough money to cope with the needs of the elderly. Secondly, due to the modernization of social economy, the miniaturization of family size and the change of population structure, the traditional family pension model can no longer meet the needs of the aged, and the pension problems facing China have become increasingly prominent. This social problem has also aroused the attention and exploration of all walks of life, therefore, it is imperative to reform and perfect the pension model in our country. As one of the cities with high economic level, Dongguan also faces the severe challenge of aging population and empty nest. This paper takes the empty nest elderly in Dongguan S community as the research object, through the method of visiting and questionnaire, to understand the basic situation of the old-age care work in this area in detail. The main problems found are: the economic income level of empty-nesters is on the low side, and their health care support is insufficient; in the aspect of life care, children are unable to take full care of the elderly. And the community health care service system is not perfect; in the aspect of spiritual comfort, empty nest elderly people often feel lonely and lost, the monotony of life leads to the elderly lack of life fun. Due to the lack of formal sector regulation and inadequate enforcement of the law, informal support organizations are weak, community services are slow to develop, and the family pension function is gradually weakening. And the old people seek social support consciousness is not strong and so on factor causes. According to the present situation of China's pension system and the advanced experience of other regions at home and abroad, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to solve the problem of community pension in Dongguan S, in order to help the empty-nesters get practical material help and spiritual consolation. The country should first introduce policies to provide protection and perfect relevant laws and systems; secondly, it should give full play to the role of the community, make use of all resources, build a professional team, and perfect the medical service system to solve the health worries of the elderly; In the spiritual aspect, we should vigorously promote and care for the mental health of the elderly, enrich their cultural life through the joint efforts of society and families, carry out recreational and leisure gathering activities, and strengthen communication and assistance among the elderly in the community. In order to satisfy the emotional needs of empty-nest old people and make full use of social support, the old-age model of our country can be perfected.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D669.6

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